150 mm
When ordering a six inch temple, its corresponding millimeter value is which of the following?
A. 135 mm
B. 140 mm
C. 145 mm
D. 150 mm
500 mm
What is the focal length of a 2 diopter lens?
A. 500 cm
B. 39.37 inches
C. 500 mm
D. 2 meters
Nanometers
Wavelengths are measured in
A. Meters
B. Decimeters
C. Centimeters
D. Nanometers
UVC
Which of the following has the shortest and therefore most harmful wavelength?
A. UVC
B. UVB
C. UVA
D. INFRARED
Compound one another
When two light wavesw are in “in phase” they will
A. Destroy on another
B. Reduce each front by half
C. Compound one another
D. None of the above
Plus or minus 3 degrees
The cylinder axis tolerance for a 1.00D cylinder according to ANSI Z80.1 is
A. Plus or minus 7 degrees
B. Plus or minus 5 degrees
C. Plus or minus 3 degrees
D. Plus or minus 2 degrees
Thicker temporally
A plus lens decentered “out” will result in a finished lens which is
A. Balanced
B. Thicker temporally
C. Thicker nasally
D. Uniform in edge thickness
Thicker nasally
A minus lens decentered “out” will result in a finished lens which is
A. Balanced
B. Thicker temporally
C. Thicker nasally
D. Uniform in edge thickness
8%
An uncoated normal plastic lens will reflect approximately __% of light.
A. 2%
B. 4%
C. 8%
D. 12%
Biconcave
A lens having a minus curve on both front and back is called
A. Toric
B. Meniscus
C. Biconvex
D. Biconcave
50%
Give the RX +1.00 +1.00 x 45, how much of the +1.00 cylinder is in the effect at axis 90?
A. 100%
B. 70%
C. 50%
D. 0
97% if its power
80 degrees from the specified axis, a cylinder will show
A. 5% of its power
B. 10% of its power
C. 50% of its power
D. 97% of its power
Hyperope
The type of patient often bothered by large magnified eye look is a
A. Myope
B. Persbyope
C. Hyperope
D. Emmetrope
Size
A Box O graph is used to measure lenses for
A. Axis
B. Power
C. Thickness
D. Size
Double D
A presbyopic electrician that works on overhead wiring would benefit most from
A. Executive bifocal
B. Near only readers
C. Double D
D. Round Segment
Round segment rotated to the temporal side of the lens
A presbyopic golfer, when addressing the ball, is troubled by the placement of this normal bifocal. Which of the following would pose the best solution as a recreational golf glasses?
A. Executive bifocal fit 1mm lower
than standard
B. Double D
C. Quadrifocal
D. Round segment rotated to the temporal side of the lens
Internal Rotator
Which of the following is NOT one of the 6 muscles responsible for the movement of the eye?
A. Superior Rectus
B. Inferior Rectus
C. Internal Rotator
D. Inferior Oblique
1.523
The index of refraction of spectacle crown glass is
A. 1.49
B. 1.523
C. 1.53
D. 1.59
Straight Top
Whch of the following glass lenses is a fused bifocal?
A. Executive
B. Progressive
C. Straight Top
D. Ultex
1 diapter base out/each eye
The P.D. written on the order is mistakenly noted as 70mm, when the actual measurement should be 66mm. What unwanted prism would be found if the distance prescription is O.U. +5.00 shpere.
A. 1 diapter base out/each eye
B. 1 diapter base in/each eye
C. 2 diapters out/each eye
D. 2 diapters in/each eye
Not possible
If the RX is +2.00 -4.00 x45, it would be necessary to decenter the lens __ to create 1 diapter of base out prism.
A. 2mm
B. 4mm
C. 6mm
D. Not possible
Silver halide
The element in photogray lenses that is responsible for the lightening and darkening reaction is
A. Silver nitrade
B. Ferrous oxide
C. Silver halide
D. Flint
Anti-reflective coating
Which of the following would provide the greatest benefit to a night driver?
A. Polaroid
B. Blue Blocker
C. Anti-reflective coating
D. Polycarbonate
Base up prismatic effect
A minus lens moved downward from the primary position will result in
A. Base up prismatic effect
B. Base down prismatic effect
C. Base in prismatic effect
D. Base out prismatic effect
-9.50
A patient refracted at 15mm is prescribed a -10.00 shpere. The dispenser finds that the actual fitting distance will be at 10mm. What should the compensated lens power be?
A. -9.50
B. -9.75
C. -10.75
D. -10.50
1.8 diapters base in
A lens which reads +3.00 -2.00 x180 is decentered in 6mm too much. How much horizontal prism is created by this error.
A. 1.8 diapters base in
B. 1.8 diapters base out
C. .6 diapters base in
D. .6 diapters base out
4 diapters of prism base in
If a pair of lenses are gound with diapters of base in prism in each lens, the patient will experience
A. 4 diapters of prism base in
B. 2 diapters of prism base out
C. No prism
D. None of the above
One diapter
Given a lens with a focal length of 1000mm / determine the power of the lens.
A. One diapter
B. Five diapters
C. Ten diapters
D. One hundred diapters
300-380mm
Which wavelengths of light have been indicated as contributors to the onset of cataracts?
A. 700-800 nm
B. 400-550 nm
C. 300-380 nm
D. 100 – and below nm
Compound Hyperopic
The refractive astigmatism indicated by the RX +1.50 -1.00 x 180 is
A. Compound Hyperopic
B. Mixed
C. Simple Myopic
D. Antimetropic
Mixed
The refractive astigmatism indicated by the RX +1.50 -1.75 x 35 is
A. Compound Hyperopic
B. Mixed
C. Simple Myopic
D. Antimetropic
-.75 -.50 x 120
The patient’s RX is -1.75 -.50 x 120 with a +2.00 add standard trifocal. What is the power through the intermediate.
A. -1.25 -.50 x 120
B. -.75 -.50 x 120
C. -.75 -.50 x 30
D. -1.00 -.50 x 150
Lens Curvature
The Geneva lens measure is designed to measure
A. Path length
B. Refractive efficiency
C. Focal length
D. Lens Curvature
20 cm
The focal length of a +5.00 Diapter lens is
A. 20 cm
B. 50 cm
C. 39.37 inches
D. 2 meters
Anisometropia
The problem of prismatic imbalance at the reading level is called
A. Antimetropia
B. Anisometropia
C. Anisekonia
D. Emmetropia
20/15
Which of the following indicates the most acute distance vision?
A. 20/20
B. 20/15
C. 20/30
D. 20/25
Vertex Compensation
Which of the following is not a potential correction for vertical balance?
A. Slab off
B. Near only readers
C. Reverse slab off
D. Vertex compensation
Accommodation
The ability of the eye to focus objects at varying distances is know as
A. Presbyopia
B. Objectivity
C. Accommodation
D. Refraction
Unequal size retinal images
Anisekonia is due to
A. Prismatic inbalance at the reading level
B. Myopia
C. Keratoconus
D. Unequal size retinal images
Canthus
The corner of the eye where the upper and lower lids meet is the
A. Iris
B. Limbus
C. Canthus
D. Chiasm
Drooping lid
A ptosis crutch is used to correct
A. Prism imbalance
B. Drooping lid
C. Phoria
D. Scotoma
+1.00 -1.25
In neutralizing a lens of unknown power your first reading is +1.00 and the next reading that focuses the cylinder target is -0.25.
What is the RX?
A. +1.00 -0.25
B. -0.25 +2.00
C. +1.00 -1.25
D. +0.25 +2.25
1 diapter base in prism
A +2.00 diopter lens decentered in 5mm beyond the patients measured pd will create
A. 1 diapter base out prism
B. 2 diapters base out prism
C. 1 diapter base in prism
D. 2 diapters base in prism
Antimetropia
Which of the following conditions is indicated by the following RX: RX +1.00 -1.00 x180
-2.00 -0.50 x45
A. Antimetropia
B. Diplopia
C. Hypertropia
D. Isophoria
Amblyopia
The loss of vision without any apparent defect to the eye is called
A. Anisometropia
B. Presbyopia
C. Amblyopia
D. Nystagmus
Plus or minus 7 degrees
The ANSI cylinder tolerance for a -0.25 cylinder is
A. Plus or minus 2 degrees
B. Plus or minus 3 degrees
C. Plus or minus 5 degrees
D. Plus or minus 7 degrees
+2.00 -2.00 x90
Which of the following has no power in the 180 degree median?
A. +2.00 -2.00 x90
B. +2.00 +2.00 x180
C. +1.00 +1.00 x135
D. +1.00 -2.00 x45
Polycarbonate
All specifications being equal which of the following materials will yield the thinnest lens?
A. CR-39
B. Photogray
C. Polycarbonate
D. Crown
Lower the right side
If the right temple is angled up the effect on the frame will be to
A. Lower the right side
B. Raise the right side
C. Loosen the right temple
D. Push the front away from the eye
Raise the front
If the adjustable pads on a metal frame are repositioned downwards into the bridge of the frame the resulting effect on the fit will be to
A. Lower the front
B. Increase the pantosocopic angle
C. Raise the front
D. Decrease the retroscopic angle
Hunting
Which Recreational activity would be best suited with yellow lenses?
A. Fishing
B. Hunting
C. Racquetball
D. Basketball
Slab off
Bicentric grinding is a term synonymous with
A. Surfacing
B. Multifocals
C. Slab off
D. Progressives
Decrease the plus power
If a patient is wearing a +12.00 diopter sphere and the adjustment is made to move them closer to the eyes, what effect will that have on the effective power of the lens?
A. Decrease the plus power
B. Increase the plus power
C. Cause base in prism
D. Cause base out prism
-0.50 -2.50 x115
Which RX of the following is the same as the following RX: -3.00 +2.50 x25
A. -3.00 +2.50 x105
B. -0.50 -2.50 x115
C. +0.50 +2.50 x115
D. +3.00 -0.50 x105
1.62
Given a material of unknown index and the speed of light within that material as 101,000 miles per second. Compute the index of refraction for that material.
A. 1.53
B. 1.62
C. 1.75
D. 1.84
Polycarbonate
Which of the following materials would make the safest lens in all circumstances?
A. CR-39
B. Flint Glass
C. Crown
D. Polycarbonate
OSHA
This agency is primarily concerned with safety in the workplace?
A. FDA
B. ANSI
C. FTC
D..OSHA
None of the Above
Which of the following RX lenses should never be put in a Z87 Frame?
A. 2mm dress lenses
B. 3mm non-trademarked lenses
C. 3mm tinted/non-trademarked as special purpose lenses
D. None of the Above
-3.25 -1.50 x180
If your lensometer reads +0.25 with no lens, a lens that measures -3.00 -1.50 x180 is actually
A. -2.75 -1.25 x180
B. -2.75 -1.50 x180
C. -3.25 -1.75 x180
D. -3.25 -1.50 x180
+6.12/+8.12
When verifying an add on on a 1 piece bifocal with a lens clock, a +2.00 add would clock _ in the distance and _ in the segment.
A. +6.12/+8.12
B. +4.50/-7.25
C. +4.37/+7.12
D. +3.75/+1.00
Refer them back to the eye doctor
What should you do when a consumer comes in and complains of severe eye pain?
A. Take a complete history
B. Check the eye with an ophthalmoscope
C. Refer them back to the eye doctor
D. Check the pupillary response to light.
88.3mm
The radius of curvature of a six diapter surface is
A. 265mm
B. 176mm
C. 132.5mm
D. 88.3mm
No perceived prism
The effect to the patient of 2 diapters of base up prism in each eye is
A. 4 diopters of base down
B. 4 diopters of base up
C. No perceived prism
D. None of the above
Blepharitis
A condition that describes an inflammation of the eyelid margins is
A. Exophoria
B. Esophoria
C. Blepharitis
D. Strabismus
Plus
A reverse slab off should be applied to the lens with the most
A. Power
B. Plus
C. Minus
D. Thickness
Sphere power in the 90 degree meridian
Which of the following is not generally a factor in determining vertical imbalance?
A. Reading depth
B. Sphere power in the 90 degree meridan
C. Cylinder power in the 90 degree meridan
D. Add power
Green Glass lens
The best absorber of infrared radiation is a
A. Polycarbonate lens
B. Green Glass lens
C. CR-39 lens
D. Grey 3 Plastic lens
-0.50
The spherical equivalent of the lens +1.00 -3.00 x90 is
A. +0.50
B. -0.50
C. +1.25
D. -1.25
3 diapters base up
A +3.00 lens has the following prismatic effect at 10 mm below the distance optical center:
A. 3 diapters base up
B. 3 diapters base down
C. 1.5 diapters base in
D. 1.5 diapters base out
Set the front closer to the face
If the pad arms are shortened (pushed into the frame) this adjustment will
A. Raise the front
B. Drop the front
C. Set the front closer to the face
D. Push the front more out
Increase the pantoscopic tilt
If the eyewires are too far from the cheeks the adjustment to take care of this condition would be to
A. Spread the pads apart
B. Bend the pad arms up
C. Increase the pantoscopic tilt
D. Decrease the pantoscopic tilt
Optyl
Which of the frame materials is an epoxy resin that is recommended by its manufacturer to be edged with an A box measurement of 5mm over its marked eye size?
A. Cellulose Acetate
B. Carbon Fiber
C. Optyl
D. Propionate
Upper Lid
A ptosis crutch is used to give support to the
A. Nasal Bridge
B. Nose Pads
C. Lower Lids
D. Upper lid
Cataract lenses
Aspheric lens surfaces are most helpful when used with which of the following:
A. Low powered lenses
B. Occluder lenses
C. Cataract lenses
D. Sunglass lenses
Meniscus lens
A lens that is cresent shaped with one of the sides measuring a six diopter radius is known as a :
A. Periscopic Lens
B. Bent Lens
C. Meniscus Lens
D. None of the Above
Lensometer
Which of the following instruments could be used to verify slab off?
A. Polazriscope
B. Disometer
C. Puillometer
D. Lensometer
Antimetropic
An RX with right minus and left plus is a:
A. Emmetropic
B. Antimetropic
C. Hetermetropic
D. Isometropic
Compound emmetropic
Which of the following is not a type of astigmatism.
A. Compound emmetropic
B. Simple hyperopic
C. Compound myopic
D. Simple myopic
Millimeters
Overall frame measurements are stated in
A. Millimeters
B. Centimeters
C. Decimeters
D. Meters
1.00 Diapter base down
The patient is looking 10 mm below the distance optical center. What is the prismatic effect to the patient from the distance RX at that level?
A. 1.00 diapter base up
B. 1.00 diapter base down
C. 2.00 diapter base up
D. 2.00 diapter base down
+2.50
If the RX is OS +1.00 +3.00 x45, what would be the total power at axis power 90?
A. +1.00
B. +2.00
C. +2.25
D. +2.50
Base Down Prism
A patient complains that the floor seems to be concave, is possible experiencing excessive
A. Base In Prism
B. Base Out Prism
C. Base Down Prism
D. Base Up Prism
+1.75 -.25 x90
What would the reading RX be if the following distance RX and bifocal addition are given:
A. +.50 -.25 x90
B. +1.75 -.25 x90
C. +2.75 -.25 x90
D. +1.25 -.25 x90
Less Oblique Astigmatism
Corrected curve lenses have
A. Less Divergence
B. More Plus Power
C. Less Plus Power
D. Less Oblique Astigmatism
Base up prism
A patient that complains that the floor seems to be convex is possibly experiencing excessive
A. Base In Prism
B. Base Out Prism
C. Base Down Prism
D. Base Up Prism
3.0mm
A minimum center thickness for a minus industrial lens according to Z87 standards is
A. 1.5 mm
B. 2.0 mm
C. 3.0 mm
D. 3.5 mm
Executive
Which of the following bifocals would offer the widest reading range?
A. Ultex
B. D-35
C. Executive
D. ST-40
-2.00 -1.00 x90
The optician has just neutralized an unknow power lens with test lenses. The test lens used to neutralize the power in the vertical is a plus 2.0 and the test lens used to neutralize the power in the horizontal is a plus 3.00. What is the RX?
-2.00 +0.50 x180
-2.00 -1.00 x 90
-1.50 -0.50 x 180
+1.00 +0.50 x180
Double Vision
The term diplopia refers to:
A. A double segmented lens
B. Double Vision
C. A lens with two ploplas
D. None of the above
Total Lens Power
The optical cross is a graphic representation used to diagram:
A. Base curve
B. Compensated vertex
C. Total lens power
D. Corrected curves
1 diapter
Determine imbalance at the reading level in the following prescription (10mm reading depth)
OD: -4.00 -2.00 x90 OS: -1.00 -3.00 x180
A. 4 diapters
B. 2 diapters
C. 1 diapter
D. No imbalance
1.53
The refractive index to which optical tools and gauges are calibrated is
A. 1.49
B. 1.523
C. 1.53
D. 1.56
1 diapter of base out prism
A minus 5 diapter lens decentered in 2mm beyond what is called for to achieve the correct PD creates:
A. 1 diapter of base in prism
B. 1 diapter of base out prism
C. 2 diapters of base in prism
D. 2 diapters of base out prism
Work over their heads
Double D lenses are an advantage for presbyobes that:
A. Are at least 60 years old
B Work over their heads
C. Golf
D. Are an advanced presbyope
50 cm
The focal length of a +2.00 diapter lens is
A. 200cm
B. 25cm
C. 100cm
D. 50 cm
Thickness
Increasing the diameter of a lens always increases its
A. Vertex Power
B. Thickness
C. Add Power
D. Radius of Curvature
Lens width
In the boxing system the A measurement represents:
A. Lens depth
B. Lens width
C. Diameter
D. Sag Value
53mm
A 10.00 diapter surface measured with a lens clock has a radius of curvature equaling;
A. 60mm
B. 98.6mm
C. 53mm
D. 88.3mm
60
An uncut lens must be at least ____mm in diameter to allow the cutting of a 52mm round lens decentered 4mm in:
A. 62
B. 60
C. 58
D. 56
100
A -3.00 powered lens has a base curve of +4.25. What is the ocular curve?
A. +3.00
B. -4.25
C. -3.00
D. -7.25
If the wearer complains of the bifocal line being somewhat in his way when driving, the problem may be alleviated by decreasing the distance between pads.
True or False
False
If the wearer complains that the glasses feel snug but still slip down the nose, one likely cause is that:
A. The frame is too small
B. The bridge fit is tight
C. Pressure is being applied by the temple shafts anterior to the ear.
D. Pressure is being applied on the very tips of the temples.
Pressure is being applied by the temple shafts anterior to the ear
If both nosepads press the nose or indent too much, what is probably not a possible cause?
A. Pads too small for frame weight
B. Temple spread is not even
C. Pads too close together
D. Temple tension too great
Temple spread is not even
To eliminate a gap between the lens and a metal eyewire, the best alternative is to:
A. Place a strip of lens liner at a point exactly opposite the gap
B. Place a strip of lens liner in the gap area
C. Heat the lens in the frame and allow it to cool at room temperature
D. None of the above methods are satisfactory
E. All of the above methods are satisfactory
Place a strip of lens liner at a point exactly opposite the gap
The larger the frame difference ——— the lens shape
A. Rounder
B. More squared off
C. Narrower
D. Wider
Narrower
(Frame Difference=A-B)
Which is the most favorable alternative to a 50/20 frame for measuring bifocal height when that particular size is not available?
A. 52/18
B. 50/18
C. 48/20
D. 50/22
48/20
(would want bridge to stay the same)
When the frame front is tested for four point tough, but only touches on the two temporal sides, the frame ——–
A. is skewed
B. has face form
C. is out of coplanar alignment
D. has X ing
E. none of the above
Has face form
Which of the following errors will not be detected by a four point touch test?
A. X-ing
B. Excess face form
C. Skewing
D. All of the above can be detected using a four point touch
Skewing
It is unnecessary to use heat in adjusting a zyl frame when:
A. Bending the endpieces
B. Changing the bridge area
C. Bending the temple earpiece
D. Changing the pantoscopic angle
Changing the pantoscopic angle
If you didn’t adjust the eye piece on the lensometer and the power drum reads +0.25 when the target lines are clear and focused. What do you expect the true readings for this pair of glasses be? O.D. -1.75 OS +1.75
A. -1.50, +2.00
B. -1.75, +1.75
C. -1.75, +2.00
D. -1.50, +1.75
-1.50, +2.00
What is the final step in fitting a frame to a patient?
A. Aligning the frame vertically
B. Aligning the frame horizontally
C. Adjusting the pantoscopic tilt
D. Adjusting the temples
Adjusting the temples
If the frame is crooked with the right side higher than the left, which is not a possible cause?
A. The left ear is lower than the right
B. The right temple is too short
C. The pantoscopic tilt of the right side needs to be decreased.
D. The pantoscopic tilt of the right side needs to be increased
The pantoscopic tilt of the right side needs to be increased
The main reason for the use of lenticular lenses for high powers would be:
A. Cosmetic reasons
B. They have more plus power
C. They have more minus power
D. They are lighter in weight
E. They are less expensive
They are lighter in weight
A patient comes back to the optician complaining of pain behind the ears, possible cause are:
A. Temple tension too great
B. Uneven pressure
C. Temple endpieces angled in too much
D. All of the above
All of the above
What type of frame may be heated until it bends under its own weight?
A. Zyle
B. Optyl
C. Nylon
D. None of the above
Optyl
The steps for “finishing” a lens (in correct order) are:
A. Centeration, Spotting, Calculation, Blocking, Edging
B. Edging, Centeration, Blocking, Spotting
C. Calculation, Spotting, Centeration, Blocking, Edging
Calculation, Spotting, Centeration, Blocking, Edging
For every 2 degrees of pantoscopic tilt the optical center should be:
A. Raised 0.5mm
B. Raised 1mm
C. Lowered 1mm
D. Lowered 0.5mm
Lowered 1mm
Usual reading level is considered to be ——- mm below
A. 6mm
B. 8mm
C. 11mm
D. 1mm
8mm
The standard distance between the segments in double segment multifocals in most cases is
A. 10 to 12 mm
B. 13 to 14 mm
C. 14 to 15 mm
D. 15 to 16 mm
13 to 14mm
Photochronic lenses will be darkest on which day?
A. Warm bright
B. Cold bright
C. Cloudy warm
D. Cloudy cold
Cold bright
A Number 3 tint absorbs
A. 80% of the light entering the lens
B. 50% of the light entering the lens
C. 60% of the light entering the lens
D. 33.3% of the light entering the lens
80% of the light entering the lens
A customer complains that his old glasses have better visual acuity than the new glasses (same RX). What should the optician do?
A. Return the customer to the refractionist
B. Remake the lenses
C. Check the base curve
D. Put the old lenses in a new frame
Check the base curve
Within the first few minutes of contact with a new customer you must:
A. Find out if the customer has a new prescription
B. Generate in the customer confidence in your ability
C. Commence your “selling conversation”
D. Inquire as to the budget available
Generate in the customer confidence in your ability
Rx: O.D. +2.00 +2.00 x 90 O.S. +3.00 +3.00 x 180:
The tolerance of the cylinder axis of the right lens is:
A. 4 degrees
B. 5 degrees
C. 3 degrees
D. 2 degrees
2 degrees
The instrument that can help you determine a heat tempered glass lens is:
A. a radiuscope
B. a vertometer
C. a polariscope
D. a lens clock
a polariscope
For a high minus Rx, which of the following will improve the appearance of the glasses?
- high index plastic
- steep base curve
- a frame with a small ED
- less decentration
A. 1 and 2
B. 1 and 3
C. 1,3, and 4
D. 1,2,3, and 4
1,3, and 4
Rx: OD -4.50 4BD
OD -5.00 2BO
Which of the following is a usual way of ordering the lenses?
A. OU -4.50 4BD and 2BO
B. OD -4.50 2BD 1BO OS -5.00 2BU 1BO
C. OD -4.50 4BD OS -5.00 2BO
D. OD -4.50 2BD 1BO OS -5.00 2BD 1BO
OD -4.50 2BD 1BO OS -5.00 2BU 1BO
Which of the following is recommended for children’s bridge?
A. Saddle
B. Keyhole
C. Adjustable pads
D. Golden gate
Keyhole
A frame fits perfectly on your patient. The temples, bridge, and pads are fine, but the frame sits high. You should select a frame with a bridge that is:
A. Wider
B. Narrower
C. Higher
D. Lower
Wider
OU +11.00 -1.00 x 90 ADD 3.00
This is an aphakic patient. He wants a separate sunglasses just for golf. What would you recommend?
A. a low fitting FT 28
B. RD segment high fitted
C. A trifocal
D. Just a SV and tell him to slide the glasses down the nose to see near.
Just a SV and tell him to slide the glasses down the nose to see near
How long should a prescription of a patient be kept?
A. 1 year
B. 2 years
C. 3 years
D. As long as possible
3 years
The pantoscopic tilt can be increased up to:
A. 2 to 4 degrees
B. 1 degree
C. 8 to 10 degrees
D. 18 degrees
18 degrees
Magnesium Fluoride is a chemical used for:
A. Reducing the glare
B. Reducing the reflection
C. Scratch resistant
D. Impact resistance
Reducing the reflection
The power of a bifocal add is the difference between:
A. The front vertex measurement of distance and near
B. The back vertex measurement of distance and near
C. The front vertex distance and back vertex near
D. The vertex measurement of distance and near on the segment surface.
The front vertex measurement of distance and near
A polariscope is used to check inserted lenses for:
A. Sphere power
B. Cylinder power
C. Axis
D. Strain
Strain
A lens which reads +3.00 -2.00 x 90 is decentered 6mm too much. How much prismatic effect will wearer experience?
A. 1.8^
B. 0.6^
C. 3.0^
D. 1.2^
0.6^
Besides accommodation, the crystalline lens:
A. focuses on distance objects
B. corrects weak astigmatism
C. filters the aqueous
D. filters ultraviolet radiation
Filters ultraviolet radiation
When aphakic lenses are tilted too much pantoscopically, what can be expected to occur?
A. Bifocal seg will be too high
B. No change will occur
C. An error of refractive power is induced
D. vertical imbalance will occur
An error of refractive power is induced
If the right temple is angled out, this adjustment will:
A. Bring the right side of the front toward the right eye
B. Push the right side of the front away from the right eye
C. Raise the right side of the front
D. Lower the right side of the front
Bring the right side of the front toward the right eye
Select the correct decentration and MBS for a SV distance glasses for this patient. A=52 B=50 DBL=16 ED=53 PPD=70/67 OCHT=22
A. 1mm IN, 3mm UP, MBS 55
B. 1mm OUT, 3mm UP, MBS 55
C. 1mm OUT, 3mm DN, MBS 59
D. 1mm OUT, 3mm DN, MBS 55
1mm OUT, 3mm DN, MBS 59
(forgot to use largest decentration)
The smaller the radius the:
A. Shorter the focal length
B. Longer the focal length
C. Less the power
Shorter the focal length
(Because creates more power and therefor shorter focal length)
Which of the following statements regarding CR-39 lenses is not correct?
A. They are light
B. They are thinner than glass lenses
C. They scratch easily
D. They are tintable
They are thinner than glass lenses
Which of the following lens material has the highest Abbe number?
A. CR-39
B. Polycarbonate
C. Flint glass
CR-39
Higher the refractive index:
A. The better the absorption of uv radiation
B. The worse the absorption of UV radiation
C. None of the above
The better the absorption of UV radiation
What base curve is suitable for this Rx: -4.00 -1.00 x 90?
A. +2.00D
B. +5.00D
C. Plano
D. +8.00D
+8.00D
What base curve do you recommend for this
Rx: -10.00 -1.00 x 180?
A. +8.00D
B. +12.00D
C. -2.00D
D. Plano
Plano
The base curve of a lens is +6.00, the cross curve is +8.00, and the sphere curve is -5.00. What is the Rx of this lens?
A. +6.00 -5.00 x……
B. -1.00 -3.00 x……
C. +1.00 +3.00 x…..
D. +1.00 +2.00 x….
+1.00 +2.00 x…..
Round segment should be ordered……….. then FT segs.
A. Lower
B. Higher
C. The same
Higher
If a bifocal lens has an inset of 1mm and a seg inset of 2.5mm, what is the total inset?
A. 1.5mm
B. 2.5mm
C. 3.5mm
3.5mm
Calculate the image jump for the following bifocal lens:
-2.00 -1.00 x 80 ADD 2.50
Seg style is Round 22
A. 2.50^
B. 2.75^
C. 1.50^
2.75^
Image Jump = Add power X dec /10
This trifocal is for a computer programmer:
A. FT 8 x 35
B. Executive trifocal
C. CRT trifocal
CRT trifocal
(CRT trifocal = special franklin with extra deep intermediate area for wider deeper mid-range reading area.)
Which of the following multifocal lens styles is not an occupational lens?
A. CRT 14 X 35
B. ED 8 X 25
C. ED 13 X 25
ED 8 X 25
Which PD do we use to calculate horizontal decentration for a bifocal?
A. Near PD
B. Distance PD
C. PPD
Near PD
The lens clock may also be used to check:
A. lens thickness
B. Slab off
C. PD decentration
Slab off
A patient’s PD is 68/64. How much is the segment inset?
A. 4mm
B. 2mm
C. There is not enough information to answer this question.
2mm
(Maybe 1/2 distance between DPD and NPD)
The segment depth in a FT 28 is 18mm. Where is the optic center of the segment.
A. 5mm below the seg line
B. 4mm below the seg line
C. 2mm below the seg line
4mm below the seg line
The best way to heat nylon frames is by using:
A. Hot air
B. Hot water
C. Sand
Hot water
The type of patient often bothered by specular images is:
A. The presbyopic patient
B. The hyperopic patient
C. The myopic patient
D. One over 65
The myopic patient
The optician has just neutralized an unknown power lens with test lenses. The test lens used to neutralize the power in the vertical is +1.00D and the test lens used to neutralize the power in the horizontal is a +1.50D. What is the Rx of this lens? (Note: these test lenses were used alone for each meridian, not superimposed. Using test lenses is another way to neutralize the lens power and can be used instead of the lensometer.)
A. -1.50 +0.50 x 90
B. +1.50 -0.50 x 180
C. -1.00 -0.50 x 90
D. +1.00 +0.50 x 90
-1.00 -0.50 x 90
An Rx OD requires 1.5mm decentration out and 2mm seg inset. Total inset of the segment would be:
A. 3.5mm In
B. 1.5mm Out
C. 2mm In
D. 0.5mm In
0.5mm In
In which of the following multifocal styles is it more difficult to fabricate both distance and near PD’s accurately?
A. FT 35
B. CT 28
C. RD 22
D. Executive
Executive
What type of prismatic effect is easiest to tolerate at the near point?
A. BI
B. BO
C. BU
D. BD
BI
What would you recommend to an aphakic patient?
A. AR coating
B. Polarized lenses
C. UV protection
D. Mirror surface sun glasses
UV protection
When you are ordering UV protection, AR coating, tinting, and scratch-resistant coating which one is the last coating?
A. UV
B. AR
C. Scratch-resistant
D. Tint
AR
Exophoria means:
A. the eye turns IN all the time.
B. the eye turns OUT all the time
C. the eye turns IN occasionally
D. the eye turns OUT occasionally
the eye turns OUT occasionally
To correct Esophoria patient needs:
A. BI prism
B. BO prism
C. BU prism
D. BD prism
BO prism
Rx of a patient is: OD +4.00 +1.00 x 45 OS +6.00 +2.00 x 80
He chooses a new frame. You take the PD and that is 72/68. You check his old glasses. The Rx is OD +4.50 +1.00 x 35 OS +6.75 +2.00 x 90 and the MPD is 65. There is no mention of PPD in the new Rx and the patient has no complain. What would you do?
A. Fill up the order form with the new PD (72) and order the lenses
B. Tell the patient to come back another day for checking the PD
C. Fill up the order form with the previous PD (65) and order the lenses
Fill up the order form with the previous PD (65) and order the lenses
Rx: OD +2.00 +4.00 x 45 OS +3.00 +1.00 x 90
A=52 DBL=18 PPD=66
The lab decenters the lenses the wrong way. The prism imbalance will be:
A. 1.6 prism diopter
B. 3.2 prism diopter
C. 1 prism diopter
D. 2 prism diopter
3.2 diopter
A patient’s best point of focus is 10″. What lens would he need to see 20/20?
A. -10.00D
B. +4.00D
C. -2.00D
D. -4.00D
-4.00D
D=1/0.254m=3.94—4.00D
How many recti muscles do we have?
A. 4
B. 6
C. 2
D. None
4
A 5 years old walks to your optical dispensary. You notice that when he wants to look to the frames his right eye turns in. What is the problem?
A. He has exophoria
B. He has esophoria
C. He has exotropia
D. He has esotropia
He has esophoria
A patient brings the following Rx to you. What would you do?
Rx: OD -2.00 -1.00 x 180 OS -1.00 +1.00 x 180
A. After transposing the OS, you order the lenses
B. After transposing the OD, you order the lenses
C. You order the lenses the way they are.
D. You will call the refractionist
You will call the refractionist
Which of the following frame material should be soaked overnight periodically?
A. Optyl
B. Polyamide
C. Nylon
Nylon
A frame material which is excellent for people with an active lifestyle because of its flexibility and impact resistance;
A. Cellulose acetate
B. Titanium
C. Nylon
Nylon
This frame material shrinks as heat is applied;
A. Polyamide
B. Optyl
C. Cellulose acetate
Polyamide
When a progressive wearer complains of narrow reading area, what would you do?
A. Increase vertex distance
B. Decrease vertex distance
C. Reorder the lenses
D. Recommend a wide segment bifocal
Decrease vertex distance
For every one diopter increase in the base curve, vertex distance
A. Increases approximately 0.6mm
B. decreases approximately 0.6mm
C. increases approximately 1mm
D. decreases approximately 1mm
increases approximately 0.6mm
To lengthen a face,
A. choose a high temple
B. choose a low temple
C. choose a low bridge
D. choose an adjusting nose pads
choose a high temple
An error in standard alignment where, when viewed from the front, one lens appears to be somewhat higher than the other, is called
A. X-ing
B. lenses out of coplanar alignment
C. lenses out of vertical alignment
D. lenses out of horizontal alignment
lenses out of horizontal alignment
To check temple parallelism, use
A. four point touch test
B. flat surface tough test
flat surface touch test
In order to move a frame closer to a patient’s face:
A. decrease the face form
B. narrow the adjustable pads
C. increase the effective length of the guard arm
D. widen the adjustable pads
Widen the adjustable pads
In order to raise a frame higher on a patient’s face:
A. narrow the bridge
B. bend the guard arms down
C. narrow the distance between the adjustable pads
D. all of the above
All of the above
The MRP of a progressive lens is:
A. at the fitting cross
B. 2 to 4 mm to the right of the fitting cross
C. 2 to 4 mm below the fitting cross
D. 2 to 4 mm to the left of the fitting cross
2 to 4 mm below the fitting cross
Usually the add power is indicated at the……… and the logo of the manufacturer is at the ……. side 4mm below the symbols of the progressive lenses.
A. Temporal Nasal
B. Nasal Temporal
C. There is no set rule
D. Above MRP Below MRP
Nasal Temporal
The monocular PD measurement is recommended for
- progressive
- high index
- facial asymmetry
- CR-39 lenses
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2
C. 1,2, and 3
D. 1,2,3 and 4
1,2, and 3
The causes of unequal vertex distance are
- unequal temple spread
- one side of wearer head is wider than the other side
- bowed temple
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. 1,2 and 3
1,2, and 3
The fitting triangle is the connection of 3 points which pressure may be exerted. The points are
A. The crest of the nose and the sides of the head just past the roots of the ears
B. The crest of the nose and the sides of the head just above the roots of the ears
C. The crest of the nose and the sides of the head just infront of the roots of the ears
The crest of the nose and the sides of the head just above the roots of the ears
What is polariscope or colmascope for?
- to check the heat treated glass lenses
- to check the lens strain
- to check the lens warpage
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2
C. 2 and 3
D. 1, 2, and 3
1 and 2
(lens warpage is checked by a lens clock because it will read cylinder on the base curve)
A patient’s distance Rx is: OU -3.50 -1.50 x 180 and the reading Rx is: OU -1.25 -1.50 x 180. He has problem seeing small prints and asks for a stronger reading glasses. Also he wants the new pair to be a bifocal. What ADD would you order for him?
A. -2.25D
B. -2.75D
C. +2.75D
D. +2.25D
+2.75D
You are verifying the following FT 28 bifocal spectacles with the Rx of: OU +6.00 -1.00 x 45 ADD 2.50 The distance Rx is OK but the ADD is 2.75. What would you do?
A. Call the doctor and ask his approval to give the spectacles to the patient
B. Send the glasses back to the lab for re-do because of ANSI
C. Give to the patient because it is only off 0.25 and patient can get used to it.
D. Check the Rx again from the inside (FVP)
Check the Rx again from the inside (FVP)
What would you recommend to a presbyopic pilot?
A. FT 35
B. Executive
C. Double D
D. 2 single vision glasses
Double D
When does Medicare pay for cataract surgery?
A. When the VA is 20/50 or less
B. When the VA is 20/20 or less
C. When the VA is 20/100 or less
When the VA is 20/50 or less
An ophthalmic correction for an ametropia is to focus parallel incident light rays at the:
A. Near point of the eye
B. Far point of the eye
C. Focal point of the eye
Far point of the eye
Sclera
Tough, white outer coat of the eyeball
myopia
nearsightedness; the condition in which parallel rays of light are brought into focus in front of the retina, rather than on it
reflection
light that bounces back
refraction
when the direction of light changes as it passes from one medium to another(bending of light)
presbyopia
Age of 40
need reading glass crystalline lens diminishes
frame difference
the difference betweeen the horizontal and vertical measurement
Ex. 50-45= 5mm
MPD
mechanical PD in a finished pair of glasses
the distance between the optic center
measuring PD
should sit at 40 cm(16in) from patient
average PD for adults
50mm to 75mm
diplopia
double vision
plus lens
thick at the center
magnify
converge
FL in front of lens
minus lens
think at the center
minify
diverge
FL behind of lens
astigmatism
football shape eye
two different powers
refractive index
N= speed of light in air/ speed of light in material
a lens has a front surface power of +2.00D and a back surface power of -8.25. the corrective power is..
+2.00 ( -8.25 = -6.25D
a -4.00D lens must be decentered —– to induce 100^D
Prism=4 x ?/ 10
4 x 2.5/ 10 = 1.00^D
geometric center
point where A&B intersect
dioptric difference between the lenses for the prescribtion of OD +2.00D and OS +.50D would be..
+1.50 D
lens calipers
measures lens thickness
amplitude
height or depth of a wave
Optic disc
region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina
blind spot
aqueous humor
produced by the cilliay body
fills the anterior and posterior chamber
optic center
where light passes through with out bending or deviation
lens clock
measure the curve of the lens
calibrated refractive index of 1.53
average human eye size
1 ans 1/8 inches
scotoma
blind spot in vision
intermediate distance
an arm length of about 35-45 inches
weko edgers
set on 36.5 to cut the lenses to the exact pattern size
fibrous tunic
the outermost layer of the eye, consisting of the cornea and sclera and connecting with eye muscles
fusion occurs
in the brain
wave length
the length from one crest to another
crest
highest point of a wave
toric lens
two different true powers 90 degrees away
cylinder lens
two true powers
one is plano and other is 90 degrees away
sphere lens
one true powers in all meridians
amblyophia
lazy eye
strabismus
condition in which the eyes turn from the normal position so they are not aimed in the same direction (muscle imblance or cross eye)
TYPES
tropia and phoria
accommodation
the process by which the eye’s lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina
hyperopic
Able to see objects at a distance clearly but having trouble seeing things up close; farsighted
small(flat) eyeball
plus lens
monochromatic & heterochromatic
mono; having only one wavelength
Hetero: having more than one wavelength
speed of light
186,000 miles per second
trough
deepest point of a wave
dispersion
breaking down of white light iinto colors
Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet
Absorption
amount of light that stays in an optical material
index of refraction is lowest in…
air