Treatment for epididymitis includes which of the following?
scrotal elevation
Which of the following medications for temporomandibular disorder has the warning that patient should NOT drive while taking it?
Elavil
After 6 months of Synthroid therapy, the clinician should expect which result in the repeat thyroid-stimulating hormone studies?
Normal
A 24- year old woman presents to the clinic with dysuria, dyspareunia, and a mucopurulent vaginal discharge. Her boyfriend was recently treated for nongonococcal urethritis. What sexually transmitted disease has she most probable been exposed to?
Chlamydia
Which of the following is the form of external otitis in which bacterial infection extends from the auditory canal into the skull?
Necrotizing otitis
Which causes the greatest percentage of mammalian bites?
human
Which test is used to confirm a diagnosis of epididymitis
ultrasound of the scrotum
Which statement accurately describes the APRNs scope of practice?
This delineates the permissible boundaries of APRN professional practice
The nurse is working with a 65- year- old patient who was recently diagnosed with hypertension. The patient is concerned about their optimal health with their new diagnosis. Which nursing action is necessary for health promotion with the patient?
Discussing appropriate stress management techniques
Which of the following would be a cause of neuropathic pain?
post herpetic pain
Which theory regarding the aging process is linked to cancer and Alzheimer’s disease?
oxidative damage
Which heart sound is associated with decreased elasticity of the left ventricle in left ventricular hypertrophy?
S4
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Heart valve damage resulting from acute rheumatic fever is a long-term sequelae resulting from infection with which of the following pathogens?
Group A streptococcus
A 21-year-old student presents with complaints of fatigue, headache, anorexia and a runny nose, all of which began about 2 weeks ago. She started taking vitamins and over-the-counter cold preparations but feels worse. The smell of food makes her nauseated. Her boyfriend had mononucleosis about 1 month ago, and she wonders if she might have it also. Examination reveals cervical adenopathy and an enlarged liver and spleen. Which of the following labs would be most helpful in the differential diagnosis at this point?
Antihepatitis D virus
What is the most common form of heart disease in a patient with atrial fibrillation?
Coronary artery disease associated with heart failure
A 15-year-old girl is seen in the clinic because she has not yet had her first period. Which of the following questions would help the clinician determine the cause?
How long have you been underweight
The clinician is examining the back of Christian, a 15-year-old male. What is the correct way for the clinician to check for hamstring flexibility?
Christian should stand straight and flex90 degrees forward at the waist
Which statement is true regarding driving and patients with a seizure disorder?
After being seizure free for 6 months, patients may drive
Though common as people age, what concerning disease can dysphonia be a cardinal sign for?
Laryngeal cancer
You are using the CURB-65 clinical prediction tool to decide whether Latisha, whom you have diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), should be hospitalized or treated at home. Which of the following risk factors would increase Latisha’s chance of CAP- associated mortality and complications?
History of diabetes mellitus
Which of the following patients is at risk for developing urinary-tract cancer?
The 78-year- old man who smokes three packs of cigarettes a day
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding pain?
Nociceptive pain represents a normal response to injury of tissue
Which of the following information patients with a UTI can receive Bactrim DS?
Tiffany, a 16-year-old with a hypersensitivity to penicillin
Which treatment would the clinician recommend for a patient who has relative polycythemia?
Rehydration
Which board administers and defines advanced nursing practice in all states?
The board of Nursing
An acutely presenting, erythematous, tender lump within the eyelid is called?
Hordeolum
Diagnostic testing for a patient with a newly detected hypertension should include all of the following except:
uric acid
In the model for future Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) practice, what does the “C” of LACE represent?
Certification
When looking under the microscope to diagnose an intravaginal infection, you see a cluster of small and oval to round shapes. What do you suspect they are?
spores
A 42-year-old woman is seen in the clinic with fever, chills, vomiting, and severe dysuria. She is diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis. How should this patient be managed?
hospitalization
A sunscreen with a sun-protection factor of at least what number will block most harmful ultraviolet radiation?
15
Which of the following is the most common cause of cardiac death in athletes?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Which of the following is a specific test to MS?
there is no specific test
A patient comes to the office complaining of constipation. The patient lists all of the following medications. Which drug could be responsible for the constipation?
Pepto-Bismol
The barrel-chest characteristic of emphysema is a result of:
Hyperinflation
Which drug for Alzheimer’s disease should be administered beginning at the time of diagnosis?
Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Data from the Framingham Heart Study suggest that individual who are normotensive at 55 years of age have how much lifetime risk of developing hypertension?
90%
Which of the following scales is useful to assess the degree of dyspnea with a score of 6 to 20?
Borg scale
A 35-year-old woman presents with symptoms of hypoglycemia. There is no history of diabetes mellitus. Which condition should be included in the differential diagnosis?
pheochromocytoma
What should you use to alkalinize urine to a pH of greater than 7.0?
sodium bicarbonate
Which of the following is true of pediculosis?
Patients can be asymptomatic or cause few symptoms in the first 2 weeks
Which of these patients is a higher risk for developing deep vein thrombosis?
Samantha, a 45-year-old female undergoing a hysterectomy
A patient has CFS. Which strategy should the clinician consider to manage this patient?
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Which statement regarding necrotizing fasciitis is true?
This is a medical emergency and gangrene can develop
A patient presents with CVA tenderness and a several-day history of high fever, chills and dysuria. Which of the following diagnoses is most likely given the above information?
pyelonephritis
Danielle presents to the clinic saying ” I do not feel like I want to eat.” She also notes she is experiencing lethargy, nausea, headache, and muscle cramps. She “did not go to the bathroom a lot” yesterday. Which of the following stages of acute kidney injury (AKI) is Danielle in?
Initiating stage
During treatment for anaphylaxis, which site is used for the initial injection of epinephrine?
upper lateral thigh
The clinician should question the patient with suspected gout about use of which of these medications?
thiazide diuretics
There are four stages of heart failure, classified as A to D, that describe the evolution and progression of disease. In which stage are patients hospitalized or treated with specialized interventions or hospice care for refractory symptoms of heart failure despite medical therapy?
Stage D
What condition is sometimes confused with anaphylaxis from an insect sting?
vasovagal reaction
When using the microscope for an intravaginal infection, you see something translucent and colorless. What do you suspect?
leukocytes
Which of the following persons fits the classic description of a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS)?
a 25-year-old female
The clinician should examine which are for gynecomastia?
male’s breast
Josh, aged 22, has tinea versicolor. Which description is the most likely for this condition?
There are round, hypopigmented macules on his back
Which of the following produces a slow and painless visual field loss that usually begins peripherally?
macular degeneration
What of the following patients is a candidate for statins?
Christa is a 65-year-old female with a history of myocardial infarction (MI)
Which statement about HIV post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for health-care-workers is the most accurate?
PEP should be started within the 72 hours of exposure
Which element is a primary focus of health- care reform?
disease prevention
Tinea unguium is also known as:
onychomycosis
which symptom is the cardinal subjective symptom of sickle cell crisis?
pain
How much nicotine does an average cigarette contain?
10 to 15 mg
Which of the following is part of the treatment plan for the patient with IBS?
High fiber diet
an 8-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital due to Reye’s syndrome. Which medication was most likely the cause?
aspirin
Which type of stomatitis results in necrotic ulceration of the oral mucous membranes?
Vincent’s stomatitis
A male patient with type 1 diabetes comes to the clinic complaining of feeling nervous and clammy. He states that he took his insulin this morning but was late for work and did not eat breakfast. Which action should the clinician take first?
have him drink 4 ounce of juice
Which of the following medications is safe to use when an adult patient has a perforated tympanic membrane?
Floxin otic 10 drops in affected ear for 7 days
What is the most common cause of microcytic anemia?
iron-deficiency
Donna is a 36-year-old African American woman with chronic pancreatitis. Which of the following are necessary to manage her condition?
a low-fat diet of less than 50 g of fat per day
Which of the following is the proper way to take a blood pressure measurement?
Patient is in a sitting position, cuff size has a bladder length of 80% and a width of 40% of arm circumference, patient has rested for 3 minutes before measurement
Which drug category of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy is generally effective in crossing the blood-brain barrier and may be useful in managing HIV associated dementia?
Integrase inhibitors
Maria had impetigo and is seeing her health-care provider for a follow-up visit. Which of the following teaching points should the provider discuss?
Keeping fingernails short can prevent the spread of impetigo
A ratchet-like rhythmic contraction, especially in the hand, during passive stretching is known as:
cogwheeling
Which statement by the patient would indicate teaching has been successful regarding management of Cushing’s syndrome at home?
I will stay away from large crowds
Gerald presents with a very dark color on his right pinkie finger. What is the the health-care provider’s next care step?
Referral to a dermatologist for a nail biopsy
Your patient is in her second trimester of pregnancy and has a yeast infection. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment?
Metronidazole 2% cream 5 g intravaginally 7 days
Which condition is characterized by the impaired ability to learn new information along with a cognitive disturbance in either language, function, or perception?
Alzheimer’s disease
You are doing a cerumen extraction and touch the external meatus of your patient’s ear. He winces and starts coughing. What is the name of this reflex?
Arnold reflex
A 22-year-old woman is diagnosed with premenstrual syndrome. Which of the following lifestyle changes should the clinician suggest to help minimize the patient’s symptoms?
regular exercise
Eddie, age 4, presents to the emergency department with a live insect trapped in his ear canal causing a lot of distress. What should be your first step?
sedate Eddie with diazepam
After typical groin hernia surgery, the patient should be instructed to:
avoid heavy lifting for 4 to 6 weeks
Robin presents with tearing in her right eye that started this morning. What is the most likely cause in the provider’s differential diagnosis?
foreign body in the eye
Which of the following must be completed prior to administering TPA (tissue plasminogen activator)?
Head CT
When giving discharge instructions to a patient with a laceration injury to his lower leg. Which is the most important one?
keep the leg elevated at waist level to prevent any edema
jean has acute otitis externa with fluid that is black and malodorous. Which of the following is responsible for the infection?
fungal infection
A patient is diagnosed with GERD, and his endoscopic report reveals the presence of Barrett’s epithelium. Which of the following should the PCP include in the explanation of the pathology report?
this tissue is to resistant to gastric acid
Billy presents with edematous and erythematous lid margins and closer visual inspection with a Wood’s lamp reveals scaling. Which of the following conditions could be the diagnosis?
blepharitis
Marie has diabetes mellitus with proliferative retinopathy. how often should she see her ophthalmologist?
annually
A score of 12 to 24 on this test indicates intermediate Alzheimer’s disease:
MMSE
Clinicians should ask older adults about their end-of-life plans when older patients are:
undergoing an outpatient procedure
The forced vital capacity is decreased in:
restrictive disease
The clinician is speaking with Bernadette, who has recently been diagnosed with urinary incontinence. She has had this condition for a number of years, she is 5 feet 5 inches, and she weighs 140 pounds. Which of the following should the health-care provider be aware of?
Bernadette may be suffering from depression and may need a psychiatric consult
Which blood test would confirm a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus?
oral glucose tolerances test 250mg/dL (2-hour level)
Which method is used to remove heavy metals, such as lead?
chelation
The clinician is examining the skin of Mary, who would like to be cleared to play beach volleyball. What is the clinician’s most important focus point when looking at her skin?
Freckles, to assess if she potentially has a melanoma
Julie has relapsing-remitting muscular sclerosis. She has not had a good response to interferon. Which medication might help given IV once a month?
Natalizumab
What is the bulls-eye rash of Lyme disease called?
erythema migraines
Which of the following is an aerobic gram-negative bacteria involved in prostatitis?
pseudomonas
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the leading cause of blindness in the US known as macular degeneration?
it is slow or sudden painless loss of central vision
What describes a pandemic?
An event of epidemic magnitude affecting multiple communities and countries in a short period of time.
A 78-year-old man says he has been diagnosed with stage 0 bladder cancer and asks the provider what that means. Which is the best response?
You have cancer that has spread to the surrounding tissue