Security departments are judged on what they do to
Proactively prevent incidents
a good crime prevention program uses perimeter barriers, building exteriors, and interior controls to create
layers of protection
employee involvement in crime prevention starts with
new employee orientation
appearing professional, friendly, approachable and positive are the basis for your
attitude
to make good decisions on the job, you must
take care of yourself on and off the job
the best way to achieve enhanced customer service is by using what method to exceed the expectations of the customer
multi-tiered approach
customers value reliability and
competence
premise liability refers to the legal responsibility
property owner owes to persons on the property
what approach should be followed to determine appropriate protective measures and security and safety for off campus facilities
security inspections and risk assessments
Healthcare organizations are perhaps at a greater risk for slip and fall due to
medical conditions limit Mobility
what answer best describes the Broken Window Theory
neglect in an area creates the impression that no one cares
the four most common methods of Patrol are
foot, K-9, bicycle, and motorized
one of several advantages to foot patrol is
providing a visible deterrent to crime
a major disadvantage to foot patrol is
the opportunity to socialize excessively
covert and undercover investigations in the healthcare setting should
be undertaken only when traditional methods of handling the situation have been tried or examined
assault, both simple and aggravated occur most often in the
anytime
which of the following is not an element needed for a crime to occur
training
additional steps are necessary to sustain employee awareness and involvement in the security effort. all of the following vehicles are used except
overhead paging system announcements
when addressing workplace violence security officers are expected to do all of the following except
respond and resolve immediately
when assessing security sensitive areas an officer might consider all of the following except
creating unobstructed passage for patients and visitors
which of the following is not an activity an officer should engage in to reduce the threat of workplace of violence
intervening quickly in resolving without involving management
which of the following steps would be least effective when treating a patient in potential danger as a victim or witness to a crime
assign room without window
to provide security assistance regarding combative patients, all security staff should be well trained in
Descalation techniques
infants are most commonly abducted by
a stranger
patients suffering from dementia require
particular attention to keep them from wandering away
when conducting an intervention with a mental health patient hospital security should
conduct the intervention in the privacy of the patient’s room
during a walkout or strike at a healthcare facility hospital security can expect all of the following except
striking employees will be cooperative in order to protect their job
some of the job action assignments for security in the incident command system for dealing with civil disturbances include
Access Control, incident documentation, event preparation with local law enforcement
in responding to an active shooter scenario the armed Healthcare security officer should
realize they can minimize casualties by taking successful actions
proactive risk assessments consider all of the following events except
normal planned events
High sensitivity or vulnerable areas in the healthcare facility such as an emergency department or women’s services are known as
security sensitive areas
doors that are being secured by magnetic locks should always be connected to the
fire alarm panel
which of the following was not identified as a computerized Patrol verification system
biometric devices
an _ __ (EAS) system can have many components, including electronic locks, a video tie in and alarm contacts
electronic Access Control
when responding to incidents involving violence, officers should
only attempt a solo Intervention when an immediate life-threatening is present and intervention does not pose undue risk to the officer or others
when an urgent call is received and little or no information is known, officer should do all of the following, except
maintain radio silence
what is the primary role of a security officer in crime prevention
reduce the opportunity for a person to commit a crime
crime prevention is the anticipation, recognition, and Appraisal of a crime risk. It also involves what
initiating some action to remove or reduce the risk
what must be done about life safety deficiencies found in the hazard surveillance tour
correct them immediately
what is the purpose of crime analysis
identify problems and develop strategies to reduce problems
which of the following is easier in more cost-efficient for an institution
building in security systems during building design
one of security primary responsibilities after a critical incident is controlled, is to
preserve the scene and gather evidence
you have a pivotal role in advancing the professional standing of healthcare security and safety by
adhering to the iahss code of ethics
one way to overcome the image of an uncaring officer is to
respond to service calls quickly
four legal elements are considered in determining negligence
legal Duty, breach of Duty, proximate cause, and damages or injury
employees should be aware of their surroundings and familiarize themselves with regular employees so they can question unknown persons. When faced with an unknown person, the employee should
offer help and notify the supervisor of suspicious activity or an unsatisfactory reply
the responsibility to seek out and take advantage of training opportunities belongs to the
individual officer
Healthcare facilities that provide __ customer service motivate customers to tell others about these organizations
excellent
process improvements in customer service can be measured how
all of the above ( benchmarking, surveys, monitoring performance, service standards)
__ can be an excellent way to measure customer service and improve performance
feedback
__ is an element in improving customer service
all of the above ( identifying customers, attitude, communication, training)
communication is _
93% body language, 7% words
when evaluating environment as it pertains to workplace violence and an officer’s responsibility, officers should know the following
what’s in place, who’s not in compliance and what’s not working
which of the following is not a symptom of risk for workplace violence
an average employee who is generally very dependable
encourage employees to request a security escort to parking facilities to
promote personal Safety and Security awareness
according to William Webster, director of the FBI, informants
are the single most important tool in law enforcement
where should creating employee awareness and involvement in security efforts begin
orientation
all potential responders to an alarm activation must receive training on
the management of violence and aggressive behavior in critical response
when is the most Ideal Time to Begin parent education on the Infant security plan
prenatal classes
the national Center for missing and exploited children has published which of the following
a booklet to assist in developing and abduction prevention and response plan for hospitals
Security departments are judged on what they do to…
Proactively prevent incidents
A good crime prevention program uses perimeter barriers, building exteriors, and interior controls to create:
Layers of protection
Employee involvement in crime prevention starts with…
new employee orientation
Appearing professional, friendly, approachable and positive are the basis for your
attitude
To make good decisions on the job, you must
take care of yourself on and off the job
The best way to achieve enhanced customer service is by using what method to exceed the expectations of the customeris a
multi-tiered approach
Customers value reliability and _________
competence
Premise liability refers to the legal responsibility…
property owner owes to persons on the property
What approach should be followed to determine appropriate protective measures and security and safety for off-campus facilities
security inspections and risk assessments
Healthcare organizations are perhaps at a greater risk for slip and fall due to
medical conditions limit Mobility
What best describes the Broken Window Theory?
Neglect in an area creates the impression that no one cares.
The four most common methods of patrol are:
Foot, K-9, Bicycle, and Motorized
One of several advantages to foot patrol is
providing a visible deterrent to crime.
A major disadvantage to foot patrol is
the opportunity to socialize excessively.
Covert and undercover investigations in the healthcare setting should
be undertaken only when traditional methods of handling the situation have been tried or examined
Assault, both simple and aggravated, occur most often:
Anytime
Which of the following is not an element needed for a crime to occur?
Training
additional steps are necessary to sustain employee awareness and involvement in the security effort. all of the following vehicles are used except
overhead paging system announcements
When addressing workplace violence security officers are expected to do all of the following except
respond and resolve immediately
When assessing security-sensitive areas an officer might consider all of the following except
creating unobstructed passage for patients and visitors
Which of the following is not an activity an officer should engage in to reduce the threat of workplace of violence?
Intervening quickly in resolving without involving management
Which of the following steps would be least effective when treating a patient in potential danger as a victim or witness to a crime
assign room without window
To provide security assistance regarding combative patients, all security staff should be well trained in
Descalation techniques
Infants are most commonly abducted by
a stranger
Patients suffering from dementia require
particular attention to keep them from wandering away
When conducting an intervention with a mental health patient hospital security should
conduct the intervention in the privacy of the patient’s room
During a walkout or strike at a healthcare facility hospital security can expect all of the following except
striking employees will be cooperative in order to protect their job
Some of the job action assignments for security in the incident command system for dealing with civil disturbances include
Access Control, incident documentation, event preparation with local law enforcement
In responding to an active shooter scenario the armed Healthcare security officer should
realize they can minimize casualties by taking successful actions
Proactive risk assessments consider all of the following events except
normal planned events
High sensitivity or vulnerable areas in the healthcare facility such as an emergency department or women’s services are known as
security sensitive areas
Doors that are being secured by magnetic locks should always be connected to the
fire alarm panel
Which of the following was not identified as a computerized Patrol verification system
biometric devices
A(n) _ __ system can have many components, including electronic locks, a video tie in and alarm contacts
Electronic Access Control
When responding to incidents involving violence, officers should
only attempt a solo Intervention when an immediate life-threatening is present and intervention does not pose undue risk to the officer or others
When an urgent call is received and little or no information is known, officer should do all of the following, except
maintain radio silence
What is the primary role of a security officer in crime prevention
reduce the opportunity for a person to commit a crime
Crime prevention is the anticipation, recognition, and Appraisal of a crime risk. It also involves what
initiating some action to remove or reduce the risk
what must be done about life safety deficiencies found in the hazard surveillance tour
correct them immediately
what is the purpose of crime analysis
identify problems and develop strategies to reduce problems
which of the following is easier in more cost-efficient for an institution
building in security systems during building design
one of security primary responsibilities after a critical incident is controlled, is to
preserve the scene and gather evidence
you have a pivotal role in advancing the professional standing of healthcare security and safety by
adhering to the iahss code of ethics
one way to overcome the image of an uncaring officer is to
respond to service calls quickly
four legal elements are considered in determining negligence
legal Duty, breach of Duty, proximate cause, and damages or injury
employees should be aware of their surroundings and familiarize themselves with regular employees so they can question unknown persons. When faced with an unknown person, the employee should
offer help and notify the supervisor of suspicious activity or an unsatisfactory reply
the responsibility to seek out and take advantage of training opportunities belongs to the
individual officer
Healthcare facilities that provide __ customer service motivate customers to tell others about these organizations
excellent
process improvements in customer service can be measured how
all of the above ( benchmarking, surveys, monitoring performance, service standards)
__ can be an excellent way to measure customer service and improve performance
feedback
__ is an element in improving customer service
all of the above ( identifying customers, attitude, communication, training)
communication is _
93% body language, 7% words
when evaluating environment as it pertains to workplace violence and an officer’s responsibility, officers should know the following
what’s in place, who’s not in compliance and what’s not working
which of the following is not a symptom of risk for workplace violence
an average employee who is generally very dependable
encourage employees to request a security escort to parking facilities to
promote personal Safety and Security awareness
according to William Webster, director of the FBI, informants
are the single most important tool in law enforcement
where should creating employee awareness and involvement in security efforts begin
orientation
all potential responders to an alarm activation must receive training on
the management of violence and aggressive behavior in critical response
when is the most Ideal Time to Begin parent education on the Infant security plan
prenatal classes
the national Center for missing and exploited children has published which of the following
a booklet to assist in developing and abduction prevention and response plan for hospitals
Which of the following is easier and more cost efficient for an institution?
Building in security systems during the building design.
Healthcare facilities that provide ___ customer service motivates customers to tell others about these organizations.
Excellent
Process improvement in customer service can be measured how?
Surveys, Monitoring Performance, Benchmarking, and Service Standards.
_ can be an excellent way to measure customer service and improve performance.
Feedback
What are elements in improving customer service?
Identify Customers, Attitude, Communication and Training.
Communication is __.
93% body language and 7% words.
The major source of premise liability in healthcare is from _ .
Slips and falls.
Property owners have a _____ duty to maintain the property in a ______ condition.
legal… reasonably safe
What elements are necessary to establish negligence in a premise liability case?
Duty to the plaintiff, failure to meet the duty and breech of a duty caused an injury.
Which risk factors should security officers identify?
Burned out lights, breached fence lines and slip and fall hazards.
Failure to conduct routine patrol can ultimately result in what?
An increase in security spending and a liability exposure.
K-9 patrol teams can be particularly effective in dealing with which situation?
Emergency department violence.
Bicycle patrol is?
Faster than foot patrol and a vehicle in heavy traffic.
__ patrol contributes, more than any other method of patrol, to excessive socialization.
Foot
Security officers should have a valid driver’s license if they are going to do what?
Operate a motorized vehicle, conduct vehicle patrols on client property or transport authorized personnel.
A security officer responding to a crime scene should do what?
Respond as quickly as possible, observing all safety practices.
After arriving at a crime scene, what should the security officer do first?
Protect his or her personal safety.
Which of these is an example of factual evidence?
Physical evidence.
Which of these should an office follow to be able to testify that the evidence presented has merit?
Proper chain of custody.
Why are initial information gathering and proper note-taking key to a successful investigation?
1) They memorialize information gathered at the scene from those involved. 2) They refresh your memory for later report writing purposes. 3) They are subject to discovery in a criminal case and thus can be subpoenaed.
When dealing with a personal-gain informant, what should the officer do?
Document the officer’s interaction with the informant.
Which of the following is not a recommended guideline when an outside agency conducts an undercover investigation?
Insist that all security department staff receive operational information.
Before using any covert monitoring devices, the officer should do what?
Review applicable state and federal laws.
Which of the following are characteristics of a covert or undercover operations protocol?
1) Strict, clear and concise. 2) Clearly spells out when covert operations can be performed. 3) Has safeguards in place to prevent improper behavior.
What approach should be followed to determine appropriate protective measures and security and safety practices for off-campus facilities?
Security inspections and risk assessments
What are three types of security-sensitive facilities that can be located off campus?
Centralized information technology/information services, patients records storage, and home healthcare worker services and programs.
What are four of the most important protective measures and security and safety practices for off-campus facilities?
Ensure security polices and personnel are in place, duress alarms installed and operating and employees know how to use them, and employees report security incidents.
What are three ways off-campus workers can communicate security emergencies?
Cell phone, overhead paging systems and pagers.
What are part of the security officer’s role in providing security services and protective measures at off-Campus locations?
1) Conduct the security risk assessments to determine what security protections are required at off-campus facilities. 2) Be alert to, identify, and report specific situations that encourage or make crime more likely at off-campus facilities.
A forensic patient’s criminal record should be disclosed to whom?
Security personnel only
What organization provides training and education on preventing infant abduction?
National Center for Missing and Exploited Children
Who should talk to the media about VIPs in your facility?
Public relations or administration personnel
Homeless individuals who take shelter in your facility may commit what crimes?
Assault, theft and homocide
Individuals with Munchausen syndrome may do what?
Refuse medical treatment
What should be done about known gang members who require medical treatment in your facility?
They should be admitted under an assumed name.
Infant abductions can be prevented by doing what?
Educating staff and parents.
Who should take charge in dealing with combative patients?
Experienced medical staff members.
Which is the most commonly used identification system in security plans to prevent infant abduction?
Four-bracelet system.
Stalking can be defined as what?
Unwanted e-mails, photographing and obsessive phone calls.
Your effectiveness in dealing with behavior problems depends on what?
Your verbal communications skills.
There are how many routes of infections transmission?
Three: airborne, contact and droplet.
Who requires that security officers be able to demonstrate age-specific competence when interacting with children and the elderly?
The Joint Commision
The National Center for Missing and Exploited Children has published which of the following?
A booklet to assist in developing an abduction prevention and response plan.
How can security and medical staff ease tension in an emergency department waiting room?
Form a system of constant communication.
Which of the following is not an outward sign of gang activity?
A group comprised of the same ethnic origin.
A healthcare security or police officer should do what during a labor dispute?
Remain objective.
A healthcare security department should do this with any photographic or video evidence from a civil disturbance.
Turn it over to the organization’s legal department.
Which of the following is a challenge encountered by healthcare security when dealing with a VIP?
Increased access control, patient privacy and the news media.
What is the term used to describe individuals who pose as licensed healthcare providers?
Medical imposters.
The Joint Commission is a ______ accrediting authority recognized by government agencies, insurance companies, and healthcare providers.
Voluntary
The mechanism used to evaluate external potential adverse impacts on the hospital is called the _____________ .
Proactive risk assessment.
With regard to security in women’s services areas, the standards of The Joint Commission and guidelines of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children are what?
Mutually supportive.
After the healthcare organization has identified the list of potential threats, prioritized the list, and selected those that would affect the facility, it must do what?
Implement procedures and controls to reduce or eliminate areas of vulnerability.
Beginning in January 2008, under The Joint Commission’s Emergency Management Standards the increased responsibilities of security include what?
Identifying the role of law enforcement and the National Guard at the facility during emergencies.
Effective security requires balancing three elements: people, procedures and what?
Equipment
Which of these is a system that provides continuous power to an alternating current line within a prescribed tolerance and protects against over-voltage conditions, loss of primary power, and intermittent brownouts?
Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS)
Which document contains requirements that must be complied with when electronic access control devices are used?
NFPA 101
What is the term for locking devices that prevents a door from being opened fro the egress slide for a period of time (usually 15 or 30 seconds)?
Delayed egress lock
What is the most common type of credential reader used today?
Card reader.
Which of the following is an example of an external incident?
Major incident with incoming casualties
When does the initial response to a critical incident begin?
When the incident is reported
When responding to a critical incident, what is the first action an officer should take?
Ensure the officer’s safety
Which of the following could cause critical stress?
Death of a co-worker, incidents involving children, experiencing threatening behavior or physical violence.
_____ produced by security personnel should always be viewed as important and conform to required formats.
Documentation
Which of the following is not a criterion for defining a profession?
Strictly job performance
Which of these continuing education topics is leas applicable to healthcare security?
Hazardous materials management
Who must take responsibility for your advancement as a professional security officer?
You
Who may offer to reimburse you for expenses related to professional advancement?
Your employer
What is the role of IAHSS in the area of healthcare security and safety?
To help healthcare security professionals improve the performance of healthcare security officers
What do most security professionals agree that a primary function of the security department in a healthcare setting should be?
Crime prevention.
Inherent Susceptibility:
A healthcare setting is a prime target for crime, because of how the business of healthcare works.
Open access:
Healthcare institutions traditionally provide an open access environment. This arrangement accommodates the huge numbers of people who come onto the property on a daily basis. Once in a healthcare facility, someone can easily pose as a visitor or contractor and go through many areas without being questioned.
Presence of Valuable Item:
A healthcare facility is susceptible to crime due to the wide variety of portable, marketable items used and stored there. More than 3000 items purchased by hospitals are usable in the home.
Distracted Patients and Staff:
Criminals know that patients and family members often are less aware of their surroundings due to the medical and emotional issues with which they are dealing. Criminals also see that the fast pace of the healthcare environment makes workers less aware as well.
Whose personal safety is affected?
Patients: If patients are concerned for their personal well being or the safety of their personal property their recovery may be affected. They may decide to get healthcare treatment elsewhere. Employees: employees with personal safety concerns are less productive and less attentive to patients. Visitors: Visitors concerned for their personal well being may encourage their loved ones to seek medical care elsewhere.
Reducing the opportunities for Crime- The triangle of crime
- The opportunity to commit crime. 2. The desire or motivation to commit the crime. 3. The ability to commit crime.
Of the 3 components, desire and ability are for the most part, beyond the control of the security professional.
Reducing the opportunity for crime is the key to crime prevention.
Crime prevention
Crime prevention is the anticipation, recognition, and appraisal of a crime risk and the initiation of some action to remove or reduce it.
Preventing Crime through physical security planning
To adequately protect a healthcare environment and prevent crime a comprehensive security plan must be developed. Its scope must extend to the following: Protecting personnel, protecting information, and protecting the physical plant.
Layers of protection:
- The perimeter barrier. 2. Barriers at the buildings’ exteriors. 3. Interior controls.
Perimeters
The first line of defense is a perimeter barrier. A perimeter barrier defines the line or outside perimeter of the site. It can be either structural or natural. An example of structural perimeter barrier is a chain-link fence. An example of a natural barrier is a row of trees.
Exteriors
The second line of defense is at the buildings’ exteriors: the top, sides and bottom of each building. Doors, windows, skylights, and fire escapes provide this defense.
Interiors
The third line of defense is interior controls. Included are the internal operations of the protected site and the security personnel who protect the environment. Many items comprise the interior control system. Lock and key systems, access control, systems ( card, biometrics, etc.) alarms, cameras, good policies and procedures, and proper training examples.
New employees
New employee orientation is a vital fist step to generate employee involvement in support of the security program. Security’s involvement in new employee orientation begins a relationship between the security department and employees that must be nurtured and maintained.
Key messages; when and what to report
Urge new employees to report the following safety and security concerns immediately upon discovery. Suspicious Persons and safety deficiencies.
Hazard surveillance inspections
The purpose of the inspections is to identify any safety and security risks and get them corrected. Typically the inspection looks for the following: Fire hazards, employee knowledge and understanding of the fire and emergency plans, hazardous materials, material safety data sheets, medical gas shut off policy (unit specific) Familiarity with he Safe Medical Devices Act and how to respond if equipment falls.
Fire Hazards
Obstructions in Corridors, Blocked Sprinkler Heads, Doors blocked open, Obstructed stairwells, and difficult to see exit signs.
The members of the inspection team
Members of the inspection team commonly include the following: Safety/Security Director, risk manager, environmental services manager, maintenance manager, and a representative from the nursing department.
Crime analysis
Crime analysis is one of the most important aspects of risk assessment and crime prevention. Crime analysis is the ongoing, systematic process of collecting, categorizing, analyzing, and disseminating timely and useful information regarding crime, crime patterns, trends, and potential suspects.
What is the 5 step approach to crime analysis?
- Collect the data. 2. Collate the data. 3. Analyze the data. 4. Disseminate the finding. 5. Gather and evaluate the feedback.
Crime prevention is the anticipation, recognition, and appraisal of a crime risk. It also involves what?
Initiating some action to remove or reduce the risk.
What must be done about life safety deficiencies found in the hazard surveillance tour?
Correct them immediately.
What is the purpose of crime analysis?
Identify problems and develop strategies to reduce problems.
Identifying Customers
A customer is any person with whom one has dealings. In a healthcare setting customers include patients, family member’s, visitors, physicians, surveyors, social workers, and other individuals and agencies.
What customers want
Even though situations and customer motives differ, several points are common: Reliability and competence, responsiveness and empathy, making the customer feel valued.
Attitude is everything
First impressions are import, The impression you project affects how the customer react to you. Appearing professional, friendly, approachable, and positive makes you better able to meet the needs of customers.
Key traits security personnel should have to deliver good customer service.
Emotional awareness and concern, problem solving, initiative and responsibility, explaining and informing.
What are the four basic elements of the Fish philosophy?
- Choose your attitude. 2. Play 3. Make their day. 4. Be present be there.
Choose your attitude
When you choose your attitude for the day you take the responsibility that you are the one responsible for your attitude.
Play
When people are presented with an opportunity to be passionate about their work and express themselves creatively, play naturally happens. “Play” not only encourages camaraderie and good will, but also inspires innovative thinking.
Make their day
Creating a memory with each person you contact. Positive memories through creative interaction with your customers boost morale in both staff and customers. In these interactions, both staff and customer are engaged in what’s going on.
Be present Be there
When interacting with a customer, you need to be present and focused on the client, rather than preoccupied with multi-tasking.
Communication
Effective communication is crucial in meeting the needs of your customers.
Verbal communication
Tone of voice, volume, and rate of speech.
Non verbal communication
according to Albert Mehabrian’s research on communication 93 percent of any message is communicated through body language and tone of voice; 7 percent of what we actually communicate is verbal.
The other’s Perspective
Communication is two sided. Assuming you understand someone’s behavior without asking questions first is a mistake. Train yourself to ask different kinds of questions (both open and close) to understand situations.
Tools for measuring Customer Experiences
Paper or telephone surveys; focus groups; performance improvement strategies; benchmarking; comment cards; service standards; annual evaluation’s; and investigations.
What does the phrase have a heart mean?
Be Honest, empathic, appreciative, respectful, and tolerant.
Maintaining a good attitude
Remind yourself of the correlation between maintaining a positive attitude and taking time for yourself.
Steps in reducing Stress
Enhance your coping skills, take steps to minimize the stress of shift work and sleep deprivation, take periodic breaks to put things into perspective, learn to use positive self-talk to improve your attitude, participate in team building activities, and show concern for co-workers.
Healthcare facilities that provide __ customer service motivate customers to tell others about these organizations.
Excellent
Process improvements in customer service can be measured how?
Surveys, monitoring performance, benchmarking, and service standards.
_ can be an excellent way to measure customer service and improve performance
Feedback
Communication is __
93 percent body language, and 7 percent words.
_ is an element in improving customer service.
Identifying customers, attitude, communication, and training
Premise Liability
Premise Liability refers to the legal responsibility a property owner or organization owes to persons or individuals on the property. Property owners have a legal duty to maintain the property in a reasonably safe condition.
What are the four elements of negligence
- Legal duty 2. Breech of duty 3. Proximate Cause 4. Damages or injury.
Legal Duty
Did the property owner have a legal obligation to the claimant?
Breech of Duty
Did the owner fail to take reasonable measures to protect persons on the property?
Proximate Cause
Did the failure to provide the duty cause harm?
Damages or Injury
Were the damages or injury foreseeable or apparent?
Slips and Falls
Slips and falls are the major source of premise liability cases.
Other Unsafe Conditions
Roof access portals and hazardous storage areas; Construction areas; Window Washers Overhead;
What are 3 approaches to correcting security risks?
- Attention to environmental design 2. Attention to the appearance of the property 3. Attention to access controls.
Environmental Design
Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) principals promote clear lines of sight. They aim to create a perception of safety and to make would be criminals feel they would be seen and detected when trying to commit a crime.
Property’s Appearance
“Broken windows” theory holds that signs of a crime or neglect in an area such as graffiti or broken windows, create the impression that no one cares about the area or is watching the property. The appearance attracts more criminal activity to the area, starting a vicious crime cycle.
Access Control
Facility and building access controls are also key in minimizing security risks. Be diligent in looking for doors left open, breached fence lines, defective locking hardware, and doors that do not shut5 or lock the property.
Crime Risks on the Campus
Activities conducted on the campus can also lead to dangerous activities associated with crime Some examples:
Cash, drugs, and victims.
Which legal test takes into account neighborhood crime rates, industry standards, and the owner’s experience at other locations?
Totality of circumstances.
The major source of premise liability in healthcare is from __
Slips and falls
Property owners have _duty to maintain the property in a condition.
legal and reasonably safe
Which of the following are elements necessary to establish negligence in a premise liability case?
Duty to the plaintiff, failure to meet the duty, breech of a duty caused an injury.
Which of the following are examples of risks security officers should identify?
Burned out lights, breached fence lines, slip and fall hazards.
What are 4 methods of patrol
Foot, Canine (K9), Bicycle, and motorized.
What are some questions you should ask yourself before you start patrol?
What has happen at the facility since the last tour of duty? What crimes or incidents have occurred and where? Have any “special orders” been issued that will have an effect on this shift? Have there been any physical changes to the facility? What areas are vulnerable? What can be done to enhance the security effort?
Foot Patrol
Foot patrol may not reduce crime in communities, but it can decrease citizen’s fear of crime. Foot patrol is the oldest method of patrol.
What are some positive results from foot patrol?
Establish a visual baseline of the status of the campus; Build relationships and rapport with customers; offer a sense of safety through your physical presence; Be an informational resource and customer service ambassador; Be positioned to respond to emergency calls.
What are some advantages of foot patrol?
Uniformed officers provide visible crime deterrent; Cab be silent and catch people in the act; efficient method of patrol in a building when a K9 team cannot be used; highly effective method of patrol in densely populated areas; easily used in conjunction with another type of patrol, such as motorized vehicle; increases potential for positive customer relationships; least expensive method of patrol
What are some disadvantages of foot patrol?
Contributes more than any other method of patrol to excessive socialization( officer neglects duties by lingering too long in a particular department); officers may be perceived as wasting time or goofing off because the public cannot tell when one is taking a break or off duty; officers may congregate, reducing effective security coverage; can be less efficient in exterior areas when compared with efficiency of other methods of patrol.
When did canine use in healthcare begin to increase?
In the 1980’s.
A successful selection and screening process of a K-9 team includes the following:
An officer committed to being a handler. An initial observation by a qualified trainer to determine how well the handler and canine react to each other. A visit to the handlers home if the canine will be housed there. A qualified trainer interviews the family, evaluates the home environment and the family’s compatibility with the dog and determines if the property can accommodate the canine. The visit is also used to determine if the handler and family will care for the dog as the de facto owners. Completion of successful training of the handler and selected canine.
General rules for K-9 Teams
K-9 teams should supplement security officer not replace them. Training should be equal to or greater than local Police Officer Standard Training (P.O.S.T.) requirements. Keep and maintain an up to date health certificate for the dog (including immunization shots). Keep a copy of the canine and handler’s training certification on file. For contract teams, the contractor must provide a copy of its liability insurance binder and any state, local license, or registration required.
Advantages of K-9 Patrol
Increases officer safety. Can detect the presence of a person hiding when an officer cannot (dog’s sense of smell is 400 times better than a human and hearing is 20 time better). Can detect and prevent escape of wrong-doers. Can detect fires. Efficient in reducing crime in parking areas; reduces the need for additional staff. Can disperse a crowd and is especially efficient in reducing confrontations, including those with gangs. Provides great public relations with patients, especially on children’s units.
Disadvantages of K-9 Patrol
Some limitations in internal building patrol( e.g. operating room, behavior health areas, food preparation). increased liability exposure, as the dog may bite or injure someone. Current health certificate must be maintained. Providing appropriate training area. Retiring the dog after its useful patrol life (usually 5-7 years). A proprietary team typically incurs ,ore operational responsibility and expenses than a contract team. Contract services may lack the ability to provide a team on short notice, may not consistently have a team available due to turnover, or may lack loyalty to the organization.
K-9 Patrol teams can be particularly effective in dealing with which situation?
Emergency Department violence.
Bicycle Patrol is
Faster than foot patrol and a vehicle in heavy traffic.
_ Patrol contributes, more than any other method of patrol to excessive socialization.
Foot.
A security officer responding to a crime scene should what?
Respond quickly as possible, observing all safety practices.
Which of these should an officer follow to be able to testify that the evidence presented has merit?
Proper chain of custody.
Which of the following is not a recommended guideline when an outside conducts an undercover investigation?
Insist that all security department staff receive operation information.
Before using any covert monitoring devices the officer should do what?
Review applicable state and federal laws.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a covert or undercover operations protocol?
Formulated as an ongoing process.
Arriving at a crime scene: Issues to address
Protect yourself.
Protect yourself- Be aware of your surroundings, and the people involved. Take time to assess the situation and ask yourself 3 questions: Is the perpetrator if violent still n the scene? Are physical hazards present that pose an immediate danger to you or another? Does the environment pose a threat (e.g. unsafe building, location, weather hazard)?
Render aid to any victim.
Once you have determined it is safe to do so, render aid to any injured party. Call for any necessary medical assistance. Notify a supervisor immediately. Ask for whatever assistance you may need.
Protect the scene.
Once the injured are being properly handled, protect the scene and any evidence it might contain.
Photographing the Evidence- The Do’s
Use a photographic log. Take photographs from the outside in medium distance, and then close up of the evidence. When photographing evidence, take a second photo with a ruler in the picture for scale. Document photos in the order in which they were taken. Print hard copies of evidentiary photos. Burn copies of the photos to CD/DVD.
Photographing the Evidence- The Don’t
Don’t use one Secure Digital memory card (SD) for several cases. Don’t use microphones on video equipment. Don’t delete photos taken on a SD card being used for evidence: any gaps in the photograph file numbers must be documented.
The following are examples of the kinds of information you may need to find and document:
Who said what? What your personal observations were of the scene and those involved? Who performed what actions? Any evidence discovered or collected?
What are the 3 different types of informants?
Concerned citizen; Public domain; and “For personal Gain” informant.
Concerned citizen informant
A concerned citizen informant is the easiest to identify, cultivate, and control if you take the time and effort. The person’s own morality and integrity, or a desire to correct a perceived wrong, motivates them to become an informant.
Public domain informant
People in these areas make it their job to gather information and make it available to the public. some examples of public domain informants are Newspaper, and social media.
Personal-gain informant
The personal gain informant is the type that stereotypically comes to mind (i.e. a stoolie, rat, turncoat).
What approach should be followed to determine appropriate measures and security and safety practices for off campus facilities?
Security inspections and risk assessments.
What are four of the most important protective measures and security and safety practices for off campus facilities?
Ensure there are appropriate security policies and training, personnel and security systems in place for employees, and security officers working the off-campus location.
Which of the following are part of the security officer’s role in providing security services and protective measures at off-campus locations?
Conduct the security risk assessments to determine what security protections are required at off-campus facilities. Be alert to, identify, and report specific situations that encourage or make crime more likely at off-campus facilities.
Workplace violence is defined as any behavior in a work environment that a reasonable person finds what?
Intimidating.
The Federal Bureau of Investigation characterizes workplace violence into how many broad types?
Four.
Which of the following is not an example of abusive behavior?
Harassing communications.
According to the Employment Law Alliance study conducted in 2007, how many workers have been victims of abuse at work?
Nearly half.
Violence is the _ leading cause of death in the workplace.
Fourth.
Who should talk to the media about VIP’s in your facility?
Public relations of administration personnel.
Homeless individuals who take shelter in your facility may commit what crime?
Assault, Theft, and homicide.
What should be done about known gang members who require medical treatment?
They should be admitted under an assumed name
Your effectiveness in dealing with behavioral problems depends on what?
Your verbal communication skills.
There are how many routes of infection transmission?
Three.
The Nation Center for Missing and Exploited Children has published which of the following?
A booklet to assist in developing an abduction prevention and response plan.
How can any security and medical staff ease tension in an emergency department waiting room
Form a system of constant communication.
Which of the following is a challenge encountered by the healthcare security when dealing with a VIP?
Increased access control, patient privacy, and news media.
The Joint commission is a _ accrediting authority recognized by government agencies, insurance companies, and healthcare providers.
Voluntary.
The mechanism used to evaluate external potential adverse impacts on the hospital is called____?
Proactive risk assessment
With regard to security in women’s service areas, the standards of the Joint Commission and guidelines of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children are what?
Mutually supportive.
Beginning in January 2008, under the Joint Commission’s Emergency Management Standards the increased responsibilities of security include what?
Identifying the role of law enforcement and the National Guard at the facility during emergencies.