What Term refers to the study of the structure and composition of the skin tissue?
Skin Histology
What are the basic material and building blocks for body tissues?
Proteins
What is the characteristic of healthy skin?
Slightly Acidic
What is Not a Method by which the body maintains thermoregulation?
Absorption
What is the bottom Layer of the Epidermis?
stratum germinativum
Which Layer of the Epidermis is Known as the Grainy Cells?
Stratum Granulosum
What is the Average Adult Skin cell turnover Rate?
28 days
What Stimulates Melanin Production?
Exposure to Sunlight
What color is eumelanin?
Dark brown to black
What Percentage of Hair is comprised of Hard Keratin?
90%
What type of Glands secrete Oil?
sebaceous
What is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?
Supplying Nutrients to the Skin`
What type of Ultraviolet radiation is known as Burning Rays?
UVB
What effect does nicotine have on the body?
Contraction of the blood vessels
Where do phytoestrogens come from?
plants
What body system do vascular lesions involve?
circulatory
What type of Lesions in the early stages of development or change?
Primary
Where do steatomas usually appear?
Scalp, neck, and back
What color dye is a common allergen that causes allergic contact dermatitis?
Red
What causes the itchy feeling that often accompanies contact dermatitis?
Histamines
What is the biggest external cause of pigmentation disorders?
Sun Exposure
What color pigmentation is associated with pregnancy mask?
Brown
How often should people visit a physician to check for cancerous lesions?
Once a Year
What statement about acne is true?
Acne is hereditary
Where are Sebaceous Filaments often found?
Nose
What does Adrenaline help the body do?
Cope with stressful events
What is not an example of a food that can irritate acne?
Apple
What grade of acne is cystic acne?
IV
What is a potential side effect of using tretinoin Retin A?
Photosensitivity
What can cause skin conditions?
Both internal and external factors
Why are the acid mantle and barrier function not as healthy in dry skin?
Lack of Lipids
What beverage can cause dehydrated skin?
coffee
What type of skin is characterized by fragile, thin skin and redness?
Sensitive
What statement about Fitzpatrick type III skin is true?
The Hair and Eye color for this skin type Vary.
What Fitzpatrick skin type is common among people of Middle Eastern descent?
Type V
What skin type on the Glogau scale shows wrinkles at rest and is specific to people in their 40s and 50s?
Type III
What Rubin classification includes superficial pigment and changes in the epidermis?
Level 1
What is Not one of the most common skin conditions estheticians see today?
Vitiligo
What terms refers to oiliness of the skin?
seborrhea
What is the Main external cause of Aging?
Sun damage
What term refers to the strength or intensity of Sunlight exposure?
Dosage
What statement about UVB radiation is True?
It has more energy than UVA radiation
What is the SPF is recommended when selecting sunscreen?
30 SPF
What is NOT a recommended habit for maintaining healthy skin?
Eating Foods containing Preservatives
What type of treatments are contraindicated for clients with epilepsy?
Electrotherapy and Phototherapy
What document is a record of all of your notes from the skin analysis, what you used in the treatment, and home care recommendations.
Client Chart
What is NOT a focus of a skin analysis?
Skin care products the client uses at home
What is NOT a characteristic of mineral oil?
Preservatives must be added to keep it fresh and potent over time
What is the a characteristic of fatty alcohols?
wax-like consistency
What are the main types of surfactants used in skin-cleansing products?
detergents
What type of color agent is zinc oxide?
Exempt color
What are Alpha Hydroxy Acids(AHAs) and Beta Hydroxy Acids(BHAs)commonly used as?
Exfoliants
What term refers to ingredients designed to dissolve keratin proteins on the surface of the skin to make it softer and smoother?
Enzymes
What is Not a Function of Antioxidant?
Promoting the Development of free Radicals
What is an example of an inorganic physical sunscreen?
Titanium Dioxide
How must ingredients be listed on cosmetic labels?
descending order of predominance
How should products be stored to make them last longer?
In Dark containers in Cooler Temperatures
What term refers to closed-lipid bilayer spheres that encapsulate ingredients, targeting their delivery to specific tissues of the skin.
Liposomes
What substance is an inorganic salt used as a buffering agent, neutralizer, and pH adjuster?
Sodium Bicarbonate
What is NOT a property of urea?
Acts as a sunscreen
What is a primary benefit of carrot?
antioxidant
What is licorice used for?
Treating sensitive skin
What ingredient cools skin, constricts capillaries, has refreshing properties, and contains menthol?
Peppermint
What is an example of a essential oil that is used as an astringent?
Orange
What is the primary property of sandalwood oil?
soothing
What is a primary property of eucalyptus?
stimulating
What is an example of a plant that has healing properties?
Chamomile
What is NOT a benefit of honey?
soothing
What is an example of a mildly comedogenic cosmetic ingredient?
Lanolin
What is an example of a moderately comedogenic cosmetic ingredient?
Peanut Oil
What is an example of a noncomedogenic Cosmetic ingredient?
Petrolatum
What is not an example of an ingredient recommended for use on mature skin and rosacea?
Rosemary Oil
What statement about skin cleansers is true?
They may contain ingredients to counteract various skin problems
What term refers to a detergent type “Foaming” cleanser with a Neutral or Slightly Acidic pH?
Cleansing Gel
What do paraffin masks do?
Plump and soften the skin
How often should Moisturizers be used?
twice a day
How Often should clients exfoliate at Home?
once or twice a week
What is a Benefit of Facial Treatments?
Slows down premature aging
What should you do to be successful and maintain client loyalty?
Be aware of the amt. of pressure you apply to the face
What is an example of a single use item?
Finger cots
What item is considered equipment?
steamer
What parts of the body are usually bare for facials?
Neck and Shoulders
How many extra minutes should you schedule for a client’s first visit?
15 mins
What step comes next after softening the client’s skin with steam or warm towels when performing a basic facial?
Extractions
What product is applied LAST when performing a basic facial?
Moisturizer or Sunscreen
What is Not a contraindication for a Facial?
albinism
What type of cleanser should you use during the cleansing and analysis portion of a facial?
Milky
How far should the steamer be held from the clients skin?
18 inches
How should massage products be applied?
warm, with fingertips
How often should clients schedule facial services?
once a month
How long should the exfoliation or Mask portion of a facial last?
8 to 10 mins
What portion of the facial lasts the longest?
massage
What is a focus of the American beauty industry?
Advanced performance ingredients
What is NOT a step that can be omitted when performing a mini-facial?
Deep Cleansing
How Long should a mask be applied for when performing a mini-facial?
10 minutes
What is a treatment goal for Mature skin?
hydrating
What is the characteristic feature of Seborrhea?
Excessively oily skin
What type of cleanser is recommended for a sensitive skin treatment?
Gentle
What type of mask is recommended for acne?
Sulfur
What does an oxygen therapy treatment do?
Reduce bacteria
What should clients with Acne do as part of their home care routine?
Use a Foaming Cleanser with a Exfoliant.
Where must you apply pressure when performing extractions to achieve optimum success?
Skin surrounding the follicular wall
What part of the face has slanted follicular shafts?
Cheeks
What type of product should you recommend for male clients?
Foaming cleanser
How much water soluble cleansing lotion should you apply to your fingers when preparing to cleanse the clients skin for a Facial?
One half Teaspoon
How many times should you pass over each area when applying cleanser to the client skin?
Six Times
What is the first thing you should do when performing a facial, after completing the pre service procedure?
Cleanse your hands and apply warm towels
How long should you use steamer during a facial treatment?
5 to 10 mins
When using a lancet for extractions, at what angle should it be inserted?
35 degree
Where should you apply paraffin wax to test its temperature?
inside OF YOUR WRIST
What does CRF stand for?
Cell renewal factor
Which of the following are an example of A.H.A?
Malic acid
Where do enzymes in cosmetics come from?
Vegetables and fruit
The enzymes that come from pineapples are?
Bromelain
Endermology helps to improve the appearance of?
Cellulite
Abdominoplasty (tummy tuck) is also known as?
Apronectomy (surgery)
Surgery on the nose is technically known as?
Rhinoplasty
Which surgical procedure removes pockets of fat?
Liposuction
Using plant or herb extracts for therapeutic benefits is known as?
Phytitherapy
Rhytidectomy is also known as:
Face lift
What assists in stimulating the reduction of adipose tissue?
Endermology
Which system is a sebaceous gland part of?
Endocrine
The endocrine system controls general health, growth and development and:
Reproduction
What system is the framework that supports the body and maintains shape?
Skeletal System
What branch of anatomy deals with the structure and function of bones?
Osteology
What branch of medical science is concerned with the function, structure, and diseases of muscles are?
Myology
What is the body fluid that assists in protecting the body through its white cells from infection and harmful bacteria?
Blood
The upper chambers of the heart are called?
Atriums
The lower chambers of the heart are called?
Ventricles
How does blood travel from the heart to the lungs?
Pulmonary Artery
What is the name of the membrane that surrounds the heart?
Pericardium
What are three functions of blood?
- Carries away carbon dioxide and waste to be be eliminated
- Carries oxygen, water, and food as well as secretions to all cells of the body.
- Protects the body from cold and heat by equalizing body temperature.
What is the fluid part of blood where white and red blood cells and platelets flow?
Plasma
Which muscle type responds to commands voluntarily?
Skeletal Muscle
What are the three types of muscle tissues?
Cardiac, skeletal, smooth
Which nervous system controls the spinal cord and brain?
Central Nervous System
Which division of the nervous system carries messages to and from the CNS?
Peripheral System
Name of the extensor muscle of the wrist that assist in bending the wrist.
Flexor
Name the pair of bones in the human skull that form the upper jaw.
Maxillae
Name of the muscle in the front of the head that lifts up the eyebrow.
Frontalis Muscle
Which muscle closes the eyelid?
Orbicularis oculi
Auricularis, Auricularis anterior, and Auricularis posterior are all muscles of?
The ear
The external maxillary artery which branches out to the lower region of the face, mouth, and nose is called?
The facial artery
Name of the chief sensory nerve of the face?
Trifacial nerve
What bone forms the forehead?
Frontal bone
Once the initial dry skin analysis is finished, cleanse the clients skin to remove impurities and remove the clients makeup in order to?
Prepare for the skin analysis and treatment
To remove lip color:
Begin at the outside corner of the lips and slide the tissue to the center of the lips.
The client’s skin should be inspected for skin type and contradictions before cleansing. After cleansing is complete, the next step is to?
Use a magnifying lamp to complete a thorough analysis.
When applying product around the nostrils make sure to?
Make small circular motions on the flare of both nostrils.
What is the purpose of using steamed towels?
Softens the pores
During preparation of the skin for the extraction of blackheads use steamed towels or…?
Steam machine
A change that occurs in a substance which has properties or characteristics that differ from the original substance is called?
Chemical change
The pH scale measures for?
Acidity
Skin and hair are within what range of the pH scale?
4.5-5.5
The pH of pure water is?
7
Which liquid is regarded as a universal solvent?
Water
When a solute dissolves in a solvent it is called?
A solution
What are three rules that apply to the pH scale?
- It measures a substances acidity
- Only practical for substances that contain water or can be dissolved in water.
- pH scale ranges from 0-14
When two unstable atoms combine and make more complex units, the more complex units are known as?
Molecules
What is formed when two or more elements chemically combine?
Compound bond
What should you use to remove a treatment mask?
Cotton compress
When is a potential time to exfoliate during a facial?
After analyzing and cleansing
What would help hydrating serum penetrate dry skin?
Galvanic
What calms the skin and also tones down redness?
Gel masks
What helps protect the human body from free radicals?
Antioxidants
What are five components of a home-care routine for acne skin?
- Cleanse
- Exfoliate
- Mask
- Toner
- Moisterizer
Before performing extractions, the skin should be?
Exfoliated and warmed
What can cause hypopigmentation?
Over exfoliating
Two general categories of masks are?
Setting and non-setting masks
Benefits of a clay mask
Draws impurities to the skin’s surface
The Fitzpatrick scale measures?
The skins ability to tolerate sun exposure
This type of skin generally has more sun protection
Darker
What are papules?
Raised lesions/blemishes
What is hyperpigmentation?
Brown discoloration resulting from melanin production
80% of skin aging is caused by?
Sun exposure
What is keratosis?
A buildup of cells characterized by rough texture
What is couperose?
The dilation of capillary walls
Most preferred step when analyzing client’s skin
Looking at the skin using a wood’s lamp.
What is hyperkeritinization?
Excessive buildup of dead skin cells
What is seborrhea?
Oiliness of the skin
What is the purpose of skin analyzing?
To determine the clients skin type in order to carry out the best treatment option.
What is true about dehydrated skin?
Lacks water
What does alipidic skin lack?
Oil
When should a skin care professional complete a client’s consultation card?
Before performing a service
When determining skin treatments for your clients because everyone’s tolerance level and skin sensitivity are different, it is best to use?
The Fitzpatrick Scale
What protects, supports, and holds the body together?
Connective tissue
This tissue forms the covering or lining of all internal and external body surfaces and is found to support organs.
Epithelial tissue
Which type of tissue is the dermis composed of?
Connective
Which type of tissue describes skin glands?
Epithelial
Describe an insinulator
A material which resists the flow of electric current
What does a volt measure?
The pressure or force of an electrical current
A device that transforms direct current to alternating current is called?
Converter
The following is a unit of electrical resistance
Ohm
The Underwriters Labratory Certification ensures?
Ensures safety of an electrical appliance
Which type of light therapy will penetrate deepest?
Infared
Example of solid conductor
Metals
UV radiation useful to beauty therapy is mainly absorbed by?
The epidermis
What changes an alternating current to a direct current?
Rectifier
Methods of depilation
-Buffing
-Shaving
-Chemical hair removal
What is epilation?
-Threading
-Tweezing
-Waxing
-Sugaring
This hair removal technique uses low-level electricity and a very fine needle shape electrode or metal probe inserted into each hair follicle to kill, or render inactive hair follicles
Eletrolysis
Permanent hair removal need the use of?
Electricity
Study of hair is called?
Trichology
Removal of hair by the roots
Epilation
What happens to hair in the Telogen stage of hair growth?
Falls out
Name the phases of the hair growth cycle
Anagen, Catagen, Telogen
What length of time does it take for hair to grow before it reaches the skin’s surface?
4-13 weeks
When a client’s hair is lifeless and dull, this could be a sign of?
Health problems
Hair should be pulled in what direction when tweezing?
Pulled smoothly and gently at an angle in the direction of hair growth
What should you do when blood or fluid comes to the surface of the clients skin during a hair procedure?
Stop the bleeding with a styptic, sterilize non-disposable implements, discard disposable implements
When should you ask your client about their medical history?
At every visit
How is underarm waxing different than other types of waxing?
Underarm hair grows in more than one direction.
Excessive body hair is also known as?
Hypertrichosis
A painful inflammation of hair follicle, having dead suppurating inner core usually caused by a bacterial infection is known as?
A furnucle
Name the deepest layer of the epidermis.
Stratum germitinavum
The only places where stratum lucidum is located
?
On the palms of the hands and soles of the feet
Type of tissue the dermis is composed of?
Connective
What fibers are flexible and strong?
Collagen fibers
Sudoriferous glands are also known as?
Sweat glands
True skin is also known as?
The dermis
Two main divisions of the skin
Dermis and epidermis
Sweat glands, oil glands, hair and nails are all?
Appendages of the skin
Naturally occurring dark pigments, especially the pigment found in skin and hair is called?
Melanin
Keratinization of the epidermis begins where?
Stratum granulosum
The growing stage of the hair cycle is called?
Anagen
Stage of the hair growth cycle where the follicle shortens
Catagen
What is the function of sebaceous glands?
To produce oil and soften the skin
The skin is an excretory organ and excretes?
Sweat
When the skin is exposed to sunlight it produces?
Vitamin D
In healthy individuals, the color of skin is mostly determined by?
Melanin
Percent of aging caused by sun rays
80-85
Name one of the primary pollutants that effects the skin.
Sulfur
Intrinsic factor that could effect the skin.
Attitude
Rays that can speed up aging
UV rays
Which muscle tissue responds to commands regulated by will?
Skeletal tissue
In facial treatments, this aids in the absorption of cosmetic products into the skin, with the use of an electric current.
Ionization
A direct and steady current that has a positive and negative pole utilized during a facial.
Galvanic current
For what purpose does a skin care specialist use a wood’s lamp?
To illuminate skin conditions that are normally invisible
What is the normal treatment time for a steamer?
6-10min
What is the benefit of using a high frequency apparatus?
It stimulates circulation
What is true regarding a galvanic machine?
It converts current that flows continuously in one direction to an alternating current.
The effect disincrustation has on sebum is a saponification process caused by?
Galvanic current
Disincrustation is?
Removal of substances from the skins surface
What beauty therapy treatment is galvanic currently used for?
Electric disincrustation and iontopheresis
Which beauty therapy treatment machine supplies galvanic current?
A machine for ionophoresis
Warm Lucas spray is a very desirable treatment for?
Dehyrated skin
To even out skin color and provide the appearance of a smoother skin texture use?
Foundation
Test a color foundation by?
Blending it on clients jaw line
Important factor when determining a make-up look for a client?
Lifestyle of the client
Clients skin color may be?
Light, medium, or dark
Stick and cream eye shadows include?
Petroleum
What foundation is a good choice for clients with oily skin?
Water based
Colors that are opposite of each other on the color wheel are called?
Complementary colors
What makes blood cells appear red?
Hemoglobin
Colors are classified as?
Cool or warm
You can determine the ideal eye brow shape for your client with?
3 lines
Skin tones are classified as?
Cool, warm or neutral
Name 5 massage movements
Effleurage petrissage friction tapotement vibration
A soft and continuous stroking movement applied with the fingers and palms in a slow rhythmic manner. Name this movement.
Effleurage
The skin and flesh are grasped between the thumb and forefinger. As the tissues are lifted from their underlying structures, they are squeezed, rolled, or pinched with a light, firm pressure. Name this movement.
Petrissage
A rubbing movement. Pressure is maintained on the skin while the fingers or palms are moved over the underlying structures. Name this movement.
Friction
Consists of fast tapping, patting, and hacking movements. Name this movement.
Tapotement
A rapid shaking movement in which the technician uses their body and shoulders – not just the fingertips – to create the movement. Name this movement.
Vibration
This massage method is especially effective in the treatment of oily skin and acne skin. It also keeps the sebum moving forward and out of the follicles. Name this movement.
Dr. Jacquet Movement
What should you do if you must remove your hands during a massage?
Feather them off
Almost every muscle and nerve has a?
Motor point
Cosmetic massage such as facial massage, Swedish full body, and chair massage promote?
-Healthy skin
-Beauty
-Relaxation
One-celled microorganisms that may cause disease
Pathogenic bacteria
What can streptococci cause?
Blood poisoning
Spiral shaped bacteria which can cause diseases such as syphillis are known as?
Spirilla
Observable indication that a client either has or previously had an infection
Pus
What is a parasite?
A very tiny multi-colored plant or animal organism which lives off a live host without providing any type of benefit to the host.
Occurs when bacteria or virus and the accompanying poisons are carried by the bloodstream to all parts of the body.
General infection
Yeast, mold, and mildew are all types of?
Fungi
White blood cells are warriors in the body’s battle against infection; they destroy?
Disease-causing microorganisms
Which bacteria are harmless to humans and sometimes beneficial?
Non-pathogenic bacteria
When pathogenic bacteria must have living matter in order to grow they are called?
Parasites
What is true regarding pathogenic bacteria?
They cause disease, they are harmful, and they cause infection
Example of a local infection?
A boil
During the active stage, bacteria?
Grows
Body’s ability to destroy and resist infection is known as?
Immunity
Cell division is known as?
Mitosis
What neutralizes the damaging effects of free radicals?
Antioxidants
What is NOT true regarding cleansers?
They restore the pH balance in skin
Not a characteristic of astringents?
They replenish moisture
Not included in the composition of serum?
Salicylic acid
Dihydroxyacetone is an ingredient that reacts with proteins in?
Self-tanning lotion
Essential function of emollients?
-Prevention of water loss
-Softening of the skin
-Filling in the lines of dry skin
Plant extract with soothing, calming properties?
Chamomile
What is a cosmetic product mostly made of?
Functional ingredients
What would keep oil and water from separating?
-A soap base
-Binding agent
-Emulsifier
Example of humectants?
Glycerin
Reflective type of sunscreen to block both UVA rays and UVB rays
Zinc oxide
Sanitation of supplies includes?
Removal of dirty linens and replacing them with clean linens
After treatment, non-disposable implements should be?
Thoroughly washed, dried, and placed in a sanitizer
What are the three levels of decontamination?
Sanitation, disinfection, sterilization
Why do we clean with water and detergent?
For health and safety reasons
The disinfectants used is salons and spas should be?
Fungicidal, bacterial, and viral
There are two kinds or disinfectants used in salons, one is tuberculocidal and the other is?
Hospital grade disinfectant
Universal precautions suggest?
Blood and bodily fluids of every client should be treated as if infected
When removing products from a container, estheticians should use?
A spatula
An infection that can be transmitted from one client to another is?
Contagious
When treating a wound that is bleeding you should?
Apply pressure with gauze and gloved hands
What does the MSDS provide?
-Directions for correct usage
-Listing of all active ingredients
-Safety precautions
Antiseptics assist in the prevention of?
Skin infections
Boils are caused by?
Bacteria
Fungal infection of the skin in which causes small areas of the skin to change color, especially on tanned skin.
Tinea versicolor
What are vesicles and bullae?
Blisters that contain clear, watery fluid
A term for a spot of discoloration of the skin, including but not limited to a freckle.
Macule
Disorder of the sudoriferous glands
Prickly heat
Secondary lesions always develop?
In the later stages of disease
Examples of sebaceous gland disorders
-Furnuncles
-Acne
-Roscea
What doe NOT develop in hair follicles?
Milia
Moles, chloasma, and tanned skin are all examples of?
Hyperpigmentation
A steatoma can be formed from?
A mass of sebum
Examples of hypopigmentation
Albinism and vitiligo
Abnormal growth of tissue that serves no physiological function; resulting from uncontrolled progressive multiplication of cells which can vary in shape, size, and hue is called a?
Tumor
Refers to skin inflammation
Dermatitis
The dead, shedding cells of the uppermost layer of the epidermis are known as?
Scales
Occur when sebum and pus are mixed with epidermis flakes
Crusts
Technical term for lengtigines
Freckles
A small solid elevation above the skin surface with no visible fluid, but may open when scratched and become infected and develop pus.
Papule
Generic term for chronic lengthy inflammatory conditions of the skin of unknown cause; particularly with vesiculation in the acute stages.
Eczema
Most common type of skin cancer?
Basal cell carcinoma
Cells in the epidermis that holds the upper cells together are called?
Desmosome
Best describe oily skin
Having an abundance of sebum
Sun exposure will produce?
Vitamin D
What are the appendages of the skin?
Hair, nails, exocrine glands (sebaceous & sweat glands)
What substance will prevent an emollient from separating?
Binder
Chemicals that halt the growth of pathogenic bacteria are known as?
Disinfectants
Anabolism & Catabolism are 2 phases of?
Metabolism
The highest point of the eyebrow is on the line of the?
Outer iris
What is the purpose of a disposable spatula?
To prevent contamination
After the treatment the implement should be kept where?
In the proper container
Retin acid is an acid from?
Vitamin A
Using the suction machine is good for what type of skin?
Oily
How far should a steamer be placed?
18in away
Objective symptoms are signs of disease that you?
Can see
When using makeup for oily skin, what kind of products should you use?
Water based
Name the 5 layers of the epidermis from inner to outer most layer
Stratum Germinativum, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum
Which layer of the skin is above the stratum lucidum layer?
Stratum Corneum
Which layer of the epidermis has a continuous layer of cells that always divide?
Stratum Germinativum
Permanent hypopigmentation (lightening in skin) on darker skin is usually caused by?
Chemical peels
When applying makeup, what is the purpose of highlighting?
Enhances facial features
How would you removed makeup?
Repeat with cleanser to clean
Which of the following is a benefit of massage?
Increases blood circulation
Sebaceous (sweat glands) are not present in the?
Soles palms lips
What is the measure of acidity of a liquid solution?
pH
The suction/brushing machine should never be used on what kind of skin?
Sunburned skin/sensitive
Which colored eyeliner will help make the eyes brighter/bigger?
White
The outer most layer of skin is?
The Corneum
How many parts is the skin primarily composed of?
2
When using makeup for dry skin, what kind of product should you use?
Oil based products
What doe the color orange indicate when using a magnifying lamp?
Blackheads
Subjective Symptoms are signs of disease that you?
Cannot see
The purpose of a salicylic acid peel is to?
Exfoliates dead surface skin cells
The Corneum layer contains?
Keratin
What should you do during a facial if the client’s face is diseased?
Stop facial and wait until client is treated by a doctor and declares it’s okay.
Which layer of skin is above the lucidum layer?
Corneum
During the disincrustation procedure, the positive pole of the galvanic machine should be held by?
The client
What happens when using the galvanic machine for disincrustation?
Anaphoresis
Chemicals that halt the growth of pathogenic bacteria are known as?
Disinfectants
Which layer of the skin is under the lucidum layer?
Granulosum
When using the galvanic machine, which pole is used to open the pores?
Negative
What are open comedones?
Blackheads
The purpose of analyzing skin is to?
Figure out skin type & conditions
What is abnormal secretion from the sebaceous gland?
Seborrhea
Sudoriferous (sweat) glands regulates?
Body Temperature
Which ingredient is both stimulating and astringent?
Eucalyptus
What is the cell dividing procedure called?
Mitosis
Sudoriferous (sweat) glands excretes?
Water and lactic acid
Which part of the body does free radicals damage?
Cell membranes
What is the main purpose of a clay mask?
Absorbs
Allergies are usually caused by?
Fragrance
What massage method do you use when cleaning the face?
Effleurage
What method is used to perform hydrotherapy?
Whirlpool
Adipose tissue is located in what layer of the skin?
Subcutaneous
A lady has dry bronze hair, and a swollen face. What does this indicate?
Health warning
What is used to blend two substances together?
Solvent
Using EPA registered products to clean counter tops, sinks, floors, toilets, doorknobs, mirrors, magnifying lamps dispensary, facial beds etc. is an example of?
Sanitation
What is the main cause of Vitiligo?
Peeling
Dehydrated skin is a sign of?
Lack of water
What is a characteristic of pathogenic micro-organism?
Causes Disease
What is the main source of blood supply to the head, face, neck?
Carotid
Crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis?
Fissure
What tissue protects our bodies’ surface?
Epithelial
Which of the epidermis layer composed cells that resemble granules filled with keratin?
Granulosum
Which layer of the skin is most exfoliated off?
Corneum
The purpose of using a loose powder during makeup is to?
Set the foundation, allow makeup to last longer
The largest bone of the 14 facial bones is the?
Mandible
Which layer of the epidermis penetrates light?
Lucidum
What is the procedure of removing fat from the eyelids?
Blepharoplasty
What is a skin abrasion produced by scratching or scraping?
Excortiation
Since light skin is sensitive to waxing, how would darker skin react to the procedure?
A little or no effect
What muscle extends from the chest and shoulder muscle to the side of the chin?
Platysma
What can you tell the client if they have a lot of boils?
Reccomend a physician
Which ingredient is both stimulating and astringent?
Eucalyptus
What would you use to apply a paraffin mask?
Brush
Titanium protects the skin by?
Reflecting light
Inhibit aging without sun exposure is?
Moderate
The skin is nourished by?
Blood and lymph
Tools for the galvanic machines are made of?
Metal
Which layer of he epidermis does cell division occur?
Germinativum
A male customer with a lot of mustache walks in for a facial. After cleansing his face, how would you remove the cleansing product?
Follow the direction of the hair growth
The galvanic method of hair uses?
Electrolysis
Which of the following is the largest bone of your arm?
Humerus
If the sebaceous glands (oil glands) become too active, what would happen to the skin?
Oily acne
The purpose of using a woods lamp is to?
Analyze the skin condition
Name an intrinsic disease?
Vitamin Deficiency
When extracting milia/ comedones (blackheads) the lancet (hand) should be held at?
35 degree angle
The pH point of 9 is how many times of pH 7?
100
Abscesses (collection of pus) is an example of what infection?
Local infection
Which of the following herb has a healing effect?
Peppermint
After tweezing eyebrows, what solution should you apply?
Antiseptic
Which herb has a calming effect?
Chamomile flowers
Sudoriferous glands excrete
Water and Salt
What is a characteristic of a nonpathogenic micro-organism?
Doesn’t cause disease
A term for nose surgery
Rhinoplasty
Excessive hair growth is called?
Hypertrichosis
Phytotherapy is a therapeutic treatment that uses?
Plants
What should you do if there is residue leftover after waxing eyebrows?
Tweezer
During disincrustation, what type of solution is applied to the face?
Alkaline
Which of the following herb has a cleansing effect?
Witch Hazel
When inducing an acid solution to the clients skin, the client should hold which polarity of the electrode?
Negative
What makes up 70% of the dermis?
Collagen
The cheekbone is also called the?
Zygomatic bone
Which of the following herb has a softening effect?
Aloe
Which method is considered the only permanent hair removal method?
Electrolysis
When tweezing eyebrows or pulling out hair, you should…
Follow the direction of hair growth
Adding silicone into product will?
Help moisturize the skin and add smoothness
Wax should be removed when it is?
Set/hard
The tools used for high frequency machines are made of?
Glass
Which of the following herb has a moisturizing effect?
Rose
Which herb has a calming and astringent effect?
Comfrey roots
What is the most commonly used cosmetic ingredient?
Water
What cells are made at the stratum corneum layer?
Keratinocytes
The magnifying lamp is also called?
Loupe
What is the falling out stage of hair called?
catagen
What kind of skin type ages slowly?
Asian
What is the average pH for normal skin?
5.5
The purpose of a disposable spatula is for?
ease and sanitation
What is the most important reason for regular use of hygiene in the spa?
It avoids the spread of infection
Psoriasia appears as?
scaly, red lesions
Muscular tissue may be stimulated by?
A massage
what is a beneficial action of a clay mask?
To absorb impurities
Which of the following are open sores on tissue surfaces?
Ulcers
After removal of a facial mask, what should be used to tone the skin?
A mild astrigent
What is the proper safety protocol for cleaning up blood spills?
wear gloves
What four cell types make up the epidermis?
Keratinoctyes, melanocytes, langerhans, merkel’s cells
What is the function of sebum?
To lubricate the skin
What is the function of sweat?
To cool down the body
What are sebaceous glands?
oil glands
Skin is the body’s largest organ– how many functions does it perform? Name all functions
6; Sensation, temperature regulation, protection, excretion, secretion, absorption
Early pigments were not made from?
Feathers
Henna is obtained from?
powdered leaves and shoots of the mignonette tree
The first modern cosmetic compound was?
cold cream
Fragrant oils were used in the middle ages as?
A perfume by those who could afford them
Cosmeceutical is?
A cosmetic with medicinal properties
Which of the following are not contemporary anti aging treatments?
Nutraceuticals
Estheticians deal with?
the overall health and well-being of skin
Medical Esthetics deal with?
Involving the integration of surgical procedures and anesthetic treatments
A medical esthetician may work in?
A dermatologist’s office
A medi spa offers?
spa services and surgical procedures in a medical setting
which of the following services are offered by a laser center?
Spider vein removal
A makeup artist commonly works with?
Morticians
Camouflage therapy is?
a technique for hiding facial scarring or congenital defects
state license examiners do not?
Supervise medi-spa care
Kohl is the Greek spelling for?
Coal, an ancient form of eye makeup
What do nasal bones form?
Bridge of the nose
Another name for circulatory system is?
Vascular
Groups of bodily organs that work together to perform a specific function are known as?
Body Systems
which system purifies the body through eliminating waste matter?
Excretory system
Where should the application of cleansing product begin?
On the clients neck
Select the preferred way to clean a glass electrode?
Completely immerse it into soapy water
In facial treatments this aids in the absorption of cosmetic products into the skin with an electric current
Ionization
a direct and steady current having a positive and negative pole utilized during a facial is what type of current?
Galvanic
High frequency current is measured in?
Hertz
Preparing equipment in the treatment room includes?
Preheating the steamer
Which if the following is true regarding saponification?
It is a chemical reaction that turns sebum into soap
Infra-red rays used in beauty therapy for warming are absorbed where?
In the dermis and muscles
What percent of sunlight is made of visible light?
35%
How many amps in the circuit does it take to operate an appliance at 100watts?
1 amp
Electricity is the mobility and flow of?
Electrons
A device that transforms direct current to alternating current is called a?
converter
What treatment is delivered with the use of an electrode?
Electrotherapy
Current will not flow through a conductor unless the force is stronger than the?
Ohms
What softens and emulsifies oil and blackheads in the follicles?
Decrustination
The constant undirectional and even flow of electrical charge is called?
A direct current
Which of the following is a unit of electrical resistance?
Ohm
When a rapid and interrupted movement or flow of electric current periodically reverses direction it is called?
The alternating current
Salicylic acid is used to treat?
acne
What kind of exfolitation do you roll off?
gommage
How many metacarpals are in each hand?
5
pH of distilled water
7
Define Wood’s lamp
filtered black light used to identify skin conditions
what type of client would you not perform a massage on?
Clients with high blood pressure
in disincrustation, who holds the positive electrode?
The client
On dark skin, waxing causes?
Hyperpigmentation
Define silicone
mineral based substance used in cosmetics as a lightweight emollient or vehicle
Define seborrhea
excessive oil production
Define pathogenic baceria
Bacteria that is harmful, disease causing parasite groups, requires living matter for growth
Define eucalyptus
stimulant
Medical name for eyelashes
cilia
medical name for eyebrows
supercilia
Define furuncle
A subcutaneous abcess filled with pus; boils
Define steatoma
a sebaceous cyst or subcutaneous tumor, filled with sebum and ranges in size
What is a pearl like cancer nodule?
basal cell carcinoma
What machines are not to be used on couperose skin?
brushes, vacuums, high frequency, galvanic
define couperose skin
redness, distended capillaries from weakening of the capillary wall
Distance between your eyes
one eye length
What is the distance you place a steamer from a client?
14-16in
How do you apply a gommage mask?
use a spatula
The difference between intrinsic and extrinsic aging is?
Intrinsic aging is based on heredity, extrinsic is based on environment
What is the intrinsic aging of someone who has no sun exposure?
none to the cell structure
How do you do a PD test on a depilatory?
patch test on the inside of the arm to make sure there are no allergic or sensitivity reactions
Body wash is not recommended on the face because?
It is too alkaline
What supplies nourishment to the skin?
blood and lymph
If you make someone bleed during extractions, what would you place on the area?
antiseptic
Lymphatic massage goes in the direction of?
Lymph flow
Scientific study of hair?
Trichology
What should be done with soiled items?
removed from the area and placed in proper containers
hyperpigmenation can be caused by what internal factor?
hormone imbalance
What type of factor is diabetes?
Intrinsic factor
What is a contradiction for a facial?
contagious diseases, skin disorders, medical conditions, medications, allergies, and skin irritation
What type of factor is free radical damage?
Extrinsic
Excessive sun exposure can exacerbate what skin condition?
telengiectasia
What must you do as a client with impetigo?
wait for clearance from a doctor
How does the method of galvanic hair removal destroy the hair follicle?
It uses direct current with multiple needles that cause chemical decomposition of the hair follicle.
Once an esthetician shakes their clients hand, what level of decontamination must happen before they start service?
Sanitation
What type of pus forming bacteria that grow in clusters are found in abscesses, pustules, and boils?
Staphylococci
Name a subcutaneous tumor
Steatoma
What does the stratum germinativum contain?
melanin
In what stage does hair begin to grow?
Anagen
In what stage does the hair break from the papilla?
telogen
What do you get when you mix equal parts of an acid with equal parts of an alkaline?
water and salt
Silicone has what use in skin care products?
Creates a barrier on the surface of skin
The stratum lucidum is located under?
Stratum Corneum
What is sebaceous filament trapped under the skin with no apparent opening?
Milia
What does zinc oxide do with UV rays?
Reflects UVA and UVB rays
If a hot towel is used to remove a product and is too hot it can cause damage to what?
Capillaries
What part of the face is left out in a barber wrap?
Nostrils
What is the purpose of the sudoriferous gland?
regulate body temperature
What skin is characterized by large and small pores?
Combination
What should you do if there is residual hair after waxing?
tweeze
What should you use to apply a parrafin wax mask?
Spatula
What massage technique do you use to apply moisturizer?
Effleurage
What cell appendage looks like a spiny ball?
Desmosome
What layer of the skin are keratinocytes found?
Epidermis
The largest sudoriferous glands are found where?
forehead, palms, and soles
Titanium oxide does what?
reflects sun rays
What is the protective covering body surfaces?
epithelial tissue
An abscess is what type of infection?
local
What kind of skin is characterized by small pores?
Dry
Oily skin is characterized by?
Excess sebum production
A permanent form of hair removal
electroysis
The falling out stage of hair is called?
Catagen
What are appendages attached to follicle that produce sebum to protect the surface of the skin and hair?
Sebaceous gland
Which are cells that produce pigment granules in basal layer?
Melanocytes
Which is an example of primary lesion in the early stage of development?
Pustule
What is the open comedone?
Black head
What is the closed comedone?
Whitehead
Which vitamin helps to maintain/support the bone structure of the body?
Vitamin D
Retinol is known as?
Vitamin A
An overproduction of pigment, that increases melanin and causes excess pigment is called?
Hyperpigmentation
The conjuctivitis disease spreads from one person to another person. This disease is?
Contagious
Name a material that does not conduct electricity, that is also used as an insulator.
Rubber
Name the bacteria that produces the disease tuberculosis
bacilli
The longest wavelength, damaging the collagen and elastin called aging ray is?
UVA ray
The burning ray that is associated with sunburn is?
UVB ray
Name the skin type where the follicles are usually small and the sebum is minimal.
Dry
Oily skin is also known as?
Lipidic skin
What to treat oily skin?
Water based hydrator
Name one marine allergy
shellfish
People with contradiction conditions should be referred to who?
Physician for treatment
What type of contradiction should you avoid when performing a skin service with electricity?
Pacemaker or hypertension (high blood pressure)
What substances absorb moisture or promote the retention of moisture?
Humectant
Ingredients such as papail, bromelain, and pancrubstances that absorb moisture are all called?
Enzymes
The product that is used in bleaching or lightening of the skin?
Hydroquinone
What agency regulates cosmetics?
FDA
What plant extract, or root is used on sensitive skin for a calming effect?
Chamomile or comfrey root
How many times a day should you use cleanser?
2
What product is designed for use on normal and combination skin?
Toner
What product is designed for use on oily and acne proned skin?
Astringents
What layer of the skin refers to peeling?
Corneum layer
Paraffin wax mask is recommended for use on what type of skin?
Dry and mature
What will happen if the practitioner heats the towels too warm or uses too long?
Can damage capillaries
How far should the steamer be placed when cleansing?
18in
When using makeup for dry skin, what kind of product should you use?
Oil based
During the disincrustation what type of solution is applied to the face?
Alkaline
The tools for high frequency machines are made from what material?
Glass
During the extractions, if a client is bleeding what would you use on the area?
Antiseptic
What is the purpose of a salicylic peel?
Exfoliation
the pH of pure water is?
7
when applying makeup, for a client who has large full lips, what should the practitioner do to correct?
Draw a thin line inside the natural lip line
what correcting technique can the practitioner use with a client who has close set eyes?
Apply a light shade to the lid and a darker shade to the outer corner
When applying makeup, darker shades used to define and make features smaller is called?
Contouring
During the service, the practitioner left the drawer of implements open and exposed. What should the practitioner do?
Use antiseptic on implements
How does mens skincare differ from womens?
It doesn’t, it is the same procedure.
In what direction should you massage muscles?
From muscle insertion to origin
This technique in massage involves grasping the flesh firmly in one hand and moving the hand up and down the bone while the other hand keeps the arm in steady position. Name this technique.
Chucking
What method of hair removal is the best for sensitive skin?
Sugaring
What method of hair removal takes longer to grow back?
Waxing (4-6weeks)
The CRF for adults is?
28-42 days
What is reflexology?
Applying pressure on a system of zones and areeas
If a client has protruding eyes, how can the practitioner minimize this?
Apply medium shading color on the entire eyelid and blend toward the eyebrow.
How often should eyeliner be sharpened?
before and after use
How long does it take for hair to grow from the papilla to the skin depending on the body part area?
4-13 weeks
What hair removal technique involves hair growth in several different directions?
Waxing the armpits
Never do a facial waxing on clients with the following conditions:
sunburns, pustules, papules, fever blisters, exfoliating topical medications (retinol), accutane or other acne medications, oral cortisone
This type of hair is non-pigmented and almost never has a medulla. Also is fine hair and covers much of the body.
Vellus hair
Massage manipulations on the face are always in what direction?
insertion to origin
name the most important massage movement
Effleurage
Lowest form of infection control?
Sanitation
Wax should never be applied over warts, moles, or abrasions because why?
Can irritate or inflame skin
The tiny muscle fibers attached to hair follicles that contract and cause goosebumps is called?
Arrector pili muscle
In a waxing treatment, the wax should be applied how?
In the direction of hair growth
When applying pressure to a fabric strip, which direction should it be pulled off?
In the opposite direction of hair growth
Name the simplest form of matter that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance without loss of identity?
elements
Name the smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of an element?
Atom
name the 2 major components of the intugementary system
Cutaneous (epidermis and dermis) and accessory structures (hair, skin, nails, exocrine glands)
Beginning at the basement membrane and traveling toward the free surface, name the layers of the epidermis
Basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum
Exposure of skin to UV radiation can result in?
Damage to the DNA of cells in the stratum basale
Name the 2 major components of the dermis
Papillary and reticular layer
The cutaneous plexus and papillary plexus consist of?
blood vessels providing dermal blood supply
Name the accessory structures
hair, nails, sebaceous glands, sweat glands
the portion of the hair follicle where cell division occurs
Matrix
name 2 types of exocrine glands in the skin
Sebaceous and sweat glands
Apocrine glands can be controlled by what system?
ANS and endocrine system
the primary function of sweating is?
Reduce body temperature
Muscle weakness and reduction in bone strength in the elderly result from decreased?
Vitamin D production
In which layer of the epidermis does cell division occur?
Stratum basale
What is the function of the arrector pili muscle?
Causes hair to stand up
What 2 major layers constitute the dermis and what components are in each?
Papillary has ridges and grooves for support structure.
Reticular layer has collagen and elastin fibers.
List the 4 steps in regeneration of skin after an injury
bleeding, scab, granulation tissue, scarring