Most common issues for individual therapy
- losses
- interpersonal conflicts
- symptomatic presentations such as panic
phobias, and negativity - Unfulfilled expectations at life transitions
- Characterological issues such as narcissim
or aggressiveness
Psychoanalytic therapy
- Originated by Freud
- believed that behavior is determined by
unconsious motivations and instincual drives . - promotes change by the development of
greater insight and awareness of maladaptive
defenses - attends to past developmental and
psychodynamic factors which shape present
behaviors.
Cognitive Therapy
- Originated by Beck
- Purports that external events do not cause
anxiety or maladaptive responses - States that a persons expectations, perceptions,
and interpretations of events cause anxiety - allows clients to view relaity more clearly
through an examination of their central distorted
cognitions - Goal is to change clients irrational beliefs, faulty
conceptions and negative cognitive disortions
Behavioral Therapy
Originated by Lazarus
Focuses on changing maladaptive behaviors by participating in active behavioral techniques such as exposure, relaxation, problem-solving, and role playing
Dialectical behavioral therapy
Originated by linehan
commonly used with people with borderline personality disorder
focuses on emotional regulation, tolerance for distress, self-management skills, interpersonal effectiveness, and mindfulness, with an emphasis on treating therapy-interfering bheaviours
Goals of dialectical behavioral therapy
Decrease suicidal behaviors
decrease therapy interfering behaviors
decrease emotional reactivity
decrease sel-invalidation
decrease crisis-generalting behaviors
decrease passivity
increase realistic decision making
increase accurate communication of emotions and competencies
Existential therapy
Originated by Fankl
a philosophical approach in which reflection on life and self-confrontation is encouraged
emphasizes accepting freedom and making responsible choices
states that a basic dimension of humans includes finding meaning and purpose in lify
goals are to live authentically and to focus on the present and on personal responsibility
Humanistic therapy
Originated by rogers
also known as person-centered therapy
concepts include self-directed growth and self-actualization; people are born with the capacity to direct themselves toward self-actualization
each person has the potential to actualize and find meaning
Interpersonal therapy
originated by kierman and weissman
evidence-based therapy with focus on interpersonal issues that are creating distress
time limited, active, focused on the present and on interpersonal distress
developed to treat aspects of depression and is effective for adults and adolescents
has been applied to treat interpersonal distress related to other disorders including bipolar, substance use and eating disorders
eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
Originated by Shapiro
A form of behavioral and exposure therapy
Involves the use of bilateral stimulation-moving the eyes back and forth, alternating tapping on hand or knee or sounds in ears
most commonly used in post traumatic stress disorder
goal is to achieve adaptive resolution
what is the desensitazation phase of EMDR
The client visualizes the trauma, vrbalizes the negative thoughts or maladaptive beliefs, and remains attentive to physical sensations. This process occurs for a limited time while the clit maintains rhythmic eye movements. He or she is then to verbalize what he or she is thinking, feeling, or imagining
What is the installation phase of EMDR
The client installs and increases the strength of the positive thought that he or she has declared as a replacement of the original negative thought
What is body scan in EMDR
the client visualizes the trauma along with positive thought and then scans his or her body mentally to identify and tension within.
What are the benefits of group therapy
increases insight about oneself
increases social skills
is cost-effective
develops sense of community
Who was the first person to put a theoretical perspective in group work
Irvin Yalom
What is the 10 therapeutic factors that differentiate group therapy from individual therapy
- instillation of hope
- universality
- altruism
- increased development of socialization skills
- imitative behaviors
- interpersoanl learning
- group cohesiveness
- catharsis
- existential factors
10 corrective refocusing
instilation of hope
participants develop hope for creating a different life. members are at different levels of grouth; thus, they gain hope from others that change is possible.
universality
members discover that others have similar problems, thoughts, or feelings and that they are not alone
altruism
This results from sharing oneself with another and helping another
Increased development of socialization skills
New social sills are learned and maladaptive social behaviors are corrected. the group can provide a natural laboratory
Imitative behaviors
participants are able to increase their skills by imitating the behaviors of others
interpersonal learning
interacting with others increases adaptive interpersoanl relationships
group cohesiveness
Participants develop an attraction to the group and other members as well as a sense of belonging
catharsis
participants experience catharsis as they openly express their feelings which were previously suppressed
existential factors
groups enable participants to deal with the meaning of theri own existence
corrective refocusing
participants reexperi family confilcts in the frp which allows them to recognize and change behaviors that may be problematic
Group Phases include
pre-group phase
forming phase
storming phase
norming phase
performing phase
adjourning
pre-group phase
leader considers the direction and framework of the group
- purpose
- goals
- membership critieria
- pre-group interview
- informed consent
forming phase
members are concerned about self-disclosure and being rejected. goals and expectations are identified and boundaries are established the development of trust and rapport is very important
storming phase
members are resistant and may begin to use testing behaviors issues related to inclusion, control and affection begin to surface. leaders tasks are to allow expression of both positive and negative feelings assist the group in understanding the underlying conflict and examine nonproductive behaviors.
Pmhnp board exam non pharmacological treatment with complete solution questions
Pmhnp board exam non pharmacological treatment with complete solution answers
Pmhnp board exam non pharmacological treatment with complete solution 2020