Which of the following is NOT a function of the digestive tract?
a) to use enzymes to break down food
b) to perform gas exchange
c) to remove waste from the body
d) to use peristalsis to move food along
b) to perform gas exchange
Gas exchange is a function of the respiratory system
The body, at all times, attempts to maintain homeostasis. The best definition of homeostasis is:
a) a process that maintains the stability of the human body’s internal environment in response to changes in internal and external conditions
b) a function via which the body breaks down glucose to use as energy
c)a process that maintains the immune system’s defenses
d) a process in which the body resists change to genetic structure
a) a process that maintains the stability of the human body’s internal environment in response to changes in internal and external conditions
The endocrine system of the body is responsible for:
a) defense through the use of antibodies
b) communication through the use of hormones
c) metabolism through the use of enzymes
d) blood flow through the use of the heart muscle
b) communication through the use of hormones
Anatomical position shows the body in a(n) __ position.
a) lateral
b) superior
c) anterior
d) posterior
c) anterior
Vitamin K is created in the:
a) liver
b) lungs
c) intestinal tract
d) pancreas
c) intestinal tract
The largest organ in the body is the __.
a) skin
b) GI tract
c) femur
d) stomach
a) skin
A medical scientists wants to study the parenchyma of the kidney. This scientist would correctly be known, most specifically, as a:
a) biologist
b) doctor
c) anatomist
d) histologist
d) histologist
Histology is the study of tissues.
What is Erythropoiesis?
a) red blood cell formation
b) white blood cell formation
c) the destruction of red blood cells
d) the destruction of white blood cells
a) red blood cell formation
Blood cell formation is called Hemopoiesis.
Erythro- red blood cells
In which part of the body is keratin NOT found?
a) hair
b) skin
c) nails
d) teeth
d) teeth
Keratin is a family of fibrous structural proteins. Keratin is the key structural component of hair, nails, and the outer layer of human skin
What is the relationship between sarcomeres and muscle cells?
a) sarcomeres are muscle cells
b) sarcomeres contain muscle cells
c) muscle cells contain myofibrils, which in turn are made up of sarcomeres
d) muscle cells contain sarcomeres, which in turn are made up of myofibrils
c) muscle cells contain myofibrils, which in turn are made up of sarcomeres
A person who has torn their vastus lateralis muscle will need which of the following?
a) an arm sling
b) a cane or crutches
c) insulin
d) a neck brace
b) a cane or crutches
The vastus lateralis muscle is a voluntary muscle in the legs. It is part of the quadriceps.
Muscles produce contraction due to the sliding of:
a) filaments
b) sarcomeres
c) flexors
d) neutrons
a) filaments
During muscle contraction, filaments slide together by using energy supplied by ATP.
The medulla oblongata has what primary responsibility?
a) balance
b) intellect
c) vital functions
d) sensory input
c) vital functions
The medulla oblongata is responsible for basic vital functions, including respiration and heart rate.
Which of the following is true about simple reflexes?
a) they travel through the entire body
b) they travel only through the spinal cord
c) they travel only through the brain
d) they do not travel and remain localized
b) they travel only through the spinal cord
Simple reflexes, known also as spinal reflexes, travel only through the spinal cord, and do not reach the brain.
What is the primary role of estrogen in the female reproductive system?
a) it initiates the preparation of the endometrium for pregnancy
b) it triggers the release of the egg from the ovary
c) it causes fertilization
d) it triggers the production of breast milk
a) it initiates the preparation of the endometrium for pregnancy
What is the name of the structure that transfers urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
-ureters
Humans can survive most easily without which of the following?
a) pancreas
b) lungs
c) gallbladder
d) bladder
c) gallbladder
The gallbladder’s function is to store bile, but the GI tract is more than capable of producing bile to digest fat without it.
Which of the following is NOT a role of cortisol?
a) reducing inflammation
b) raising the blood sugar level
c) inhibiting the release of histamine
d) controlling motor impulses
d) controlling motor impulses
How many pairs of spinal nerves are known to exit the spinal cord?
-31
The spinal cord reaches from the base of the skull to the first or second lumbar vertebra. The base of the skull is also known as:
a) foremen magnum
b) filaments
c) cerebellum
d) corpus callosum
a) foremen magnum
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate is a substance that performs which of the following?
a) acts as part of the cell membrane
b) acts as energy for the cell
c) acts as a secondary messenger
d) acts as a hormone
c) acts as a secondary messenger
(cyclic AMP)
The neuron is composed of a/n , which transmits signals toward the cell body, and a/n , which transmits signals away from the cell body.
-dendrite, axon
The pectoralis major muscle is located in which general area?
-the chest
The soleus muscle is located in which general area?
-the legs
Which of the following is responsible for differentiation, or specialization, of cells?
a) platelets
b) hormones
c) neurons
d) brain cells
b) hormones
What makes up the alimentary canal?
-it consists of mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus.
(digestive tract)
A woman’s body usually ovulates around what day in a normal 30-day cycle?
-day 14