TEST BANK FOR CURRENT MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS
AND TREATMENT (2022/2023)
Chapter 1. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion
- Which of the following behaviors indicates the highest potential for spreading
infectionsamong clients? The nurse:
1) disinfects dirty hands with antibacterial soap.
2) allows alcohol-based rub to dry for 10 seconds.
3) washes hands only after leaving each room.
4) uses cold water for medical asepsis. - What is the most frequent cause of the spread of infection among
institutionalizedpatients?
1) Airborne microbes from other patients
2) Contact with contaminated equipment
3) Hands of healthcare workers
4) Exposure from family members - Which of the following nursing activities is of highest priority for maintaining
medicalasepsis?
1) Washing hands
2) Donning gloves
3) Applying sterile drapes
4) Wearing a gown - A patient infected with a virus but who does not have any outward sign of the
disease isconsidered a:
1) pathogen.
2) fomite.
3) vector.
4) carrier. - A patient is admitted to the hospital with tuberculosis. Which precautions must the
nurseinstitute when caring for this patient?
1) Droplet transmission
2) Airborne transmission
3) Direct contact
4) Indirect contact - A patient becomes infected with oral candidiasis (thrush) while receiving
intravenous antibiotics to treat a systemic infection. Which type of infection has the
patient developed?
1) Endogenous nosocomial
2) Exogenous nosocomial
3) Latent
4) Primary - A patient admitted to the hospital with pneumonia has been receiving antibiotics
for 2 days. His condition has stabilized, and his temperature has returned to normal.
Which stage ofinfection is the patient most likely experiencing?
1) Incubation
2) Prodromal
3) Decline
4) Convalescence - The nurse assists a surgeon with central venous catheter insertion. Which
action isnecessary to help maintain sterile technique?
1) Closing the patients door to limit room traffic while preparing the sterile field
2) Using clean procedure gloves to handle sterile equipment
3) Placing the nonsterile syringes containing flush solution on the sterile field
4) Remaining 6 inches away from the sterile field during the procedure - A patient develops localized heat and erythema over an area on the lower leg.
Thesefindings are indicative of which secondary defense against infection?
1) Phagocytosis
2) Complement cascade
3) Inflammation
4) Immunity - The patient suddenly develops hives, shortness of breath, and wheezing after
receivingan antibiotic. Which antibody is primarily responsible for this patients response?
1) IgA
2) IgE
3) IgG
4) IgM - What type of immunity is provided by intravenous (IV)
administration ofimmunoglobulin G?
1) Cell-mediated
2) Passive
3) Humoral
4) Active - A patient asks the nurse why there is no vaccine available for the common cold.
Whichresponse by the nurse is correct?
1) The virus mutates too rapidly to develop a vaccine.
2) Vaccines are developed only for very serious illnesses.
3) Researchers are focusing efforts on an HIV vaccine.
4)
1
The virus for the common cold has not been identified.
. A patient who has a temperature of 101F (38.3C) most likely requires:
1) acetaminophen (Tylenol).
2) increased fluids.
3) bedrest.
4) tepid bath. - Why is a lotion without petroleum preferred over a petroleum-based product as
a skinprotectant? It:
1) Prevents microorganisms from adhering to the skin.
2) Facilitates the absorption of latex proteins through the skin.
3) Decreases the risk of latex allergies.
4) Prevents the skin from drying and chaffing. - For which range of time must a nurse wash her hands before working in the
operatingroom?
1) 1 to 2 minutes
2) 2 to 4 minutes
3) 2 to 6 minutes
4) 6 to 10 minutes - How should the nurse dispose of the breakfast tray of a patient who requires
airborneisolation?
1) Place the tray in a specially marked trash can inside the patients room.
2)
Place the tray in a special isolation bag held by a second healthcare worker
at thepatients door.
3)
Return the tray with a note to dietary services so it can be cleaned and reused for
thenext meal.
4)
1
Carry the tray to an isolation trash receptacle located in the dirty utility
room anddispose of it there.
. How much liquid soap should the nurse use for effective hand washing? At least:
1) 2 mL
2) 3 mL
3) 6 mL
4) 7 mL - To assure effectiveness, when should the nurse stop rubbing antiseptic hand
solutionover all surfaces of the hands?
1) When fingers feel sticky
2) After 5 to 10 seconds
3) When leaving the clients room
4) Once fingers and hands feel dry - A patient is admitted to the hospital for chemotherapy and has a low white
blood cellcount. Which precaution should the staff take with this patient?
1) Contact
2) Protective
3) Droplet
4) Airborne - While donning sterile gloves, the nurse notices the edges of the glove package
are slightly yellow. The yellow area is over 1 inch away from the gloves and only appears
to be onthe outside of the glove package. What is the best action for the nurse to take at
this point?
1) Continue using the gloves inside the package because the package is intact.
2) Remove gloves from sterile field and use a new pair of sterile gloves.
3) Throw all supplies away that were to be used and begin again.
4) Use the gloves and make sure the yellow edges of the package do not touch the client. - The nurse is removing personal protective equipment (PPE). Which item
should beremoved first?
1) Gown
2) Gloves
3) Face shield
4) Hair covering - A nurse is splashed in the face by body fluid during a procedure. Prioritize the
nursesactions, listing the most important one first.
A. Contact employee health
B. Complete an incident report
C. Wash the exposed area
D. Report to another nurse that she is leaving the immediate area.
1) 1, 2, 3, 4
2) 2, 3, 4, 1
3) 3, 4, 1, 2
4) 4, 1, 2, 3
Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question. - In which situation would using standard precautions be adequate? Select all that apply.