A nurse palpates the pulse of a client and documents the following: 6/6/12 pulse 85 and regular, 3+ and equal in radial, popliteal, and dorsalis pedis. What does the number “+3” represent?
A.
Pulse deficit
B.
Pulse rhythm
C.
Pulse rate
D.
Pulse amplitude
The correct answer and Explanation is :
The number “+3” in the documentation of a pulse represents D. Pulse amplitude.
Explanation
Pulse amplitude refers to the strength or force of the pulse as felt during palpation. This measurement provides information about the volume of blood being ejected from the heart and how effectively it is being circulated through the arteries. In clinical practice, pulse amplitude is typically graded on a scale from 0 to 4:
- 0: Absent
- 1+: Weak or thready
- 2+: Normal
- 3+: Full or increased
- 4+: Bounding
In the context of the given documentation, the “+3” indicates a full or increased pulse amplitude. This means the pulse is stronger than normal and can be palpated with more force. This might be observed in conditions where there is increased cardiac output or peripheral vascular resistance.
Why Not the Other Options?
- A. Pulse deficit: Pulse deficit refers to the difference between the apical pulse (measured at the heart) and the radial pulse (measured at the wrist), which is not indicated by the “+3” value.
- B. Pulse rhythm: Pulse rhythm refers to the regularity of the pulse beats, whether they occur at consistent intervals or irregularly. It is typically described as regular or irregular and is not represented by a number like “+3.”
- C. Pulse rate: Pulse rate refers to the number of beats per minute (bpm). In the provided documentation, the pulse rate is given as 85 bpm, not the “+3.”
The amplitude, or the strength of the pulse, is crucial for assessing the circulatory system’s function. An increased amplitude might be associated with conditions such as fever, hyperthyroidism, or vigorous exercise, where the body’s demand for blood flow is elevated. Conversely, a decreased amplitude might suggest circulatory issues such as hypovolemia or shock. Thus, “+3” provides valuable insight into the physiological status of the patient.