A nurse in a pediatric unit is caring for a group of clients. For which of the following diseases should the nurse implement droplet precautions?
A.
Varicella-zoster
B.
Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE)
C.
Pertussis
D.
Rotavirus
The correct answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is C. Pertussis.
Explanation:
Droplet precautions are essential for preventing the spread of diseases that are transmitted through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. It is primarily transmitted via droplets from coughs or sneezes. Consequently, droplet precautions are critical in managing and preventing the spread of pertussis.
Here’s a brief overview of the other diseases listed:
- A. Varicella-zoster: This virus causes chickenpox (varicella) and shingles (zoster). For chickenpox, airborne precautions are used due to the fine droplets that can remain suspended in the air for extended periods. Airborne precautions are necessary for varicella as well as for tuberculosis and other diseases that spread through airborne particles.
- B. Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE): VRE is a type of bacteria that is resistant to vancomycin, an antibiotic. It is spread via direct contact or contaminated surfaces, so contact precautions are recommended rather than droplet precautions.
- D. Rotavirus: This virus causes gastroenteritis and is primarily spread through the fecal-oral route. Rotavirus requires contact precautions, including hand hygiene and the use of gloves and gowns, to prevent transmission.
In summary, pertussis is the disease among the options that specifically requires droplet precautions due to its transmission through respiratory droplets.