A nurse is assessing a client at risk for postrenal acute renal failure. What condition should the nurse prioritize in the client’s assessment?
A.
Hypertension.
B.
Urinary tract infection (UTI).
C.
Enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasiA. .
D.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD. .
The correct answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is C. Enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia, BPH).
Explanation
Postrenal acute renal failure (ARF), also known as postrenal acute kidney injury (AKI), occurs when an obstruction in the urinary tract impedes the flow of urine, leading to increased pressure in the kidneys and potential renal damage. Identifying and addressing the cause of obstruction is crucial in managing postrenal ARF.
Enlarged Prostate (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, BPH):
BPH is a common condition in older men where the prostate gland enlarges, which can obstruct the urethra and impede urine flow. This obstruction can cause urine to back up into the bladder and, eventually, into the kidneys, leading to postrenal ARF. Since BPH is a common cause of urinary tract obstruction, it is critical for a nurse to assess for symptoms related to this condition, such as difficulty urinating, increased urinary frequency, or a weak urine stream. Proper management of BPH can help alleviate the obstruction and prevent or mitigate postrenal ARF.
Hypertension:
While hypertension can contribute to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and may be a factor in overall renal health, it is less directly related to postrenal ARF compared to conditions that cause urinary obstruction.
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI):
UTIs can lead to complications in renal function, but they are typically associated with infections rather than obstructive issues. While UTIs can exacerbate kidney problems, they are not the primary concern when assessing for postrenal ARF specifically related to obstruction.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD):
CKD is a condition characterized by long-term kidney damage and decreased kidney function. It is more relevant in the context of assessing pre-existing kidney function and progression rather than acute obstruction-related postrenal ARF.
In summary, when assessing a client at risk for postrenal ARF, evaluating for an enlarged prostate (BPH) is crucial due to its direct role in causing urinary obstruction and subsequent renal impairment.