The Lewis structure for methylamine, CH3NH2, is shown below.
Each C-H bond is formed by the overlap of a(n) orbital from H. orbital from C and a(n) Part 2 (0.5 point) The C-N bond is a orbital from N. bond and is formed by the overlap of a(n) orbital from C and a(n) Part 3 (0.2 point) The N lone pair is located in a(n) Se orbital.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Correct Answers:
- C-H bond: Formed by the overlap of a 1s orbital from H and a sp³ orbital from C.
- C-N bond: This is a sigma (σ) bond, formed by the overlap of an sp³ orbital from C and an sp³ orbital from N.
- N lone pair: The nitrogen lone pair is located in an sp³ orbital.
Explanation:
To analyze the bonding and orbital overlaps in methylamine (CH₃NH₂), we need to consider the hybridization of carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen atoms, as well as the distribution of electrons.
- C-H Bonds:
Carbon in methylamine forms four single bonds: three with hydrogen atoms and one with the nitrogen atom. To accommodate four bonds, the carbon atom undergoes sp³ hybridization. Each sp³ hybrid orbital overlaps with the 1s orbital of a hydrogen atom to form a sigma (σ) bond. Hydrogen’s 1s orbital contributes one electron, while the carbon sp³ orbital contributes another, forming a shared electron pair. - C-N Bond:
The bond between the carbon and nitrogen atom is a single sigma bond. Both carbon and nitrogen are sp³ hybridized in methylamine. The overlap of an sp³ orbital from carbon with an sp³ orbital from nitrogen results in the sigma bond. This bond is strong due to the effective overlap of these orbitals, which are directed toward each other. - N Lone Pair:
Nitrogen has five valence electrons, of which three are involved in bonding with one carbon and two hydrogens. The remaining two electrons form a lone pair. Since nitrogen is sp³ hybridized, the lone pair resides in one of its sp³ orbitals. This orbital is spatially oriented away from the bonding regions, giving nitrogen a tetrahedral electron geometry.
The bonding in methylamine illustrates the principles of orbital hybridization and effective overlap, ensuring stable covalent bonds and a lone pair configuration on nitrogen.