Give The Network 10.0.0.0/16 Find The Subnet Mask, Subnets And IP Address Range For Each Network Network # Of Hosts CIDR Dotted Decimal Network Address IP Address Range Network A 30 Hosts Network B 12 Hosts Network C 4 Hosts Network D 2 Hosts Give The Network 120.0.0.0/12 Find The Subnet Mask, Subnets And IP Address Range For Each Network Network # Of Hosts
Answer the following using VLSM
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
I’ll calculate the subnet masks, subnets, and IP address ranges using Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) for both 10.0.0.0/16 and 120.0.0.0/12 networks.
1. Subnetting 10.0.0.0/16 Network
Given the 10.0.0.0/16 network, let’s subnet it to accommodate the required hosts.
| Network | Hosts Needed | Next Power of 2 | Subnet Mask (CIDR) | Dotted Decimal | Network Address | IP Address Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 30 | 32 | /27 (255.255.255.224) | 10.0.0.0 | 10.0.0.1 – 10.0.0.30 | |
| B | 12 | 16 | /28 (255.255.255.240) | 10.0.0.32 | 10.0.0.33 – 10.0.0.46 | |
| C | 4 | 8 | /29 (255.255.255.248) | 10.0.0.48 | 10.0.0.49 – 10.0.0.54 | |
| D | 2 | 4 | /30 (255.255.255.252) | 10.0.0.56 | 10.0.0.57 – 10.0.0.58 |
Broadcast Addresses:
- A: 10.0.0.31
- B: 10.0.0.47
- C: 10.0.0.55
- D: 10.0.0.59
Unused IPs: The remaining part of the 10.0.0.0/16 can be further subnetted.
2. Subnetting 120.0.0.0/12 Network
Given the 120.0.0.0/12 network, let’s subnet it.
| Network | Hosts Needed | Next Power of 2 | Subnet Mask (CIDR) | Dotted Decimal | Network Address | IP Address Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 30 | 32 | /27 (255.255.255.224) | 120.0.0.0 | 120.0.0.1 – 120.0.0.30 | |
| B | 12 | 16 | /28 (255.255.255.240) | 120.0.0.32 | 120.0.0.33 – 120.0.0.46 | |
| C | 4 | 8 | /29 (255.255.255.248) | 120.0.0.48 | 120.0.0.49 – 120.0.0.54 | |
| D | 2 | 4 | /30 (255.255.255.252) | 120.0.0.56 | 120.0.0.57 – 120.0.0.58 |
Broadcast Addresses:
- A: 120.0.0.31
- B: 120.0.0.47
- C: 120.0.0.55
- D: 120.0.0.59
Explanation
VLSM allows us to allocate IPs efficiently by assigning each subnet a subnet mask that fits its needs. Instead of using a single fixed subnet mask, VLSM minimizes wastage of IP addresses.
Steps Used:
- Determine Host Needs: Find the nearest power of 2 greater than or equal to the host count.
- Assign Subnet Masks: The more hosts needed, the lower the subnet mask (e.g., /27 for 30 hosts, /28 for 12 hosts).
- Allocate Networks Sequentially: Start from the lowest available address and move upwards.
- Assign Broadcast & Usable Ranges: The first address is the network ID, the last is the broadcast, and the remaining are usable IPs.
By using VLSM, we ensure optimal address usage and scalability.
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