Which form of radiation has the most antibacterial effect?
UV-C
Contagious means:
capable of transmitting infection
Hepatitis B is caused by:
a virus
Microbiology is:
the scientific study of microorganisms
An infection is:
the invasion o any living organism by disease causing microorganism
Sanitation is:
the process of making hygienic conditions
A disinfectant is:
a chemical that helps to kill disease producing microorgansims
AIDS is caused by:
a virus
The main aim of cleansing the skin is to:
remove surface dirt and makeup
Information required for a skin analysis is obtained and recorded by the:
by the beauty therapist on a consultation card
The medical term for a single permanently dialted capillary is:
telangiectasia
A slowing performed petrissage has a:
stimulating affect on muscle tissue
The main effect of desincrustation is the:
production of alkali at the cathode
The main purpose of a brush machine is to:
remove dead cells from the skin’s surface
An electrical treatment used for toning muscles is:
interferential
The infra-red lamp should not be used on skin that:
has dilated capillaries
Hair growing back in a stubble is often the result of:
shaving
A contraindication of a full body massage is:
recent removal of malignant tissue
In case of fluid accumulation under the eyes, the so called “bags”:
give drainage from the nose eye corner towards the temporal bone
When giving a massage, it is important that the client be:
lying down
An advantage of strip waxing compared to other methods of hair removal is that is:
it is the quickest method
An electrical treatment that uses sound waves is:
audio-sonic
Vacuum suction treatment should NOT be used on:
inflamed skin
In an isometric muscle exercise, the joints are:
not moved in spite of tightening and relaxing the muscles
Calamine is used in masks because it:
has a soothing effect
A base coat is used:
prior to the application of nail enamel
A hangnail is recognized as:
a strip of skin at the side of the nail
The function os a concealer in makeup is to:
cover areas of the face
The main traditional use of face powder is to:
set the foundation
Cleansing milk is an example of:
an emulsion
A wax of vegetable origin used in the making of lipstick is:
carnauba
An important characteristic of mascara is:
it should be non-irritant to the eyes
Which one of the following is an ionic compound?
- carbon dioxide
- methane
- sodium hydroxide
- water
sodium hydroxide
Which one of the following acids is most abundant in fats and oils from plants and animals?
- stearic acid
- lactic acid
- acetic acid
- hydrochloric acid
stearic acid
The thickness of a liquid is known as:
viscocity
The main function of an emollient is to:
soften the surface of the skin
Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is found in:
self tanning products
Azulene is a substance obtained from:
the camomile plant
Natural moisturizing factor (NMF) contains:
amino acids
Water that contains large amounts of calcium and magnesium salts is called:
hard water
The main function of a day cream is to:
protect the skin against the environment
A mask ingredient that is capable of dissolving dead cells on the skin’s surface is:
sulfur
An important ingredient of hand lotions and hand creams is:
a humectant
Talc is one of the main ingredients used in:
face powder
The responsibilities of a beauty therapist to her clients include:
keeping personal matters confidential
Legal third party insurance and professional indemnity insurance for a salon covers:
injury to a customer in the salon during a treatment
Cash that is received from a client should be entered in the:
daily accounting book
A good relationship with the medical profession can be developed and maintained by:
recommending clients with contraindications to visit their doctor
When planning to open a skin care clinic, careful consideration must be given to the selection of the best:
location
A document which gives details of the most of goods or services received is:
an invoice
A method of promoting a salon by free publicity would be:
inviting a journalist to visit the salon
Careless appointment booking methods can often contribute to:
dissatisfied clients
For anything concerning a salon’s legal matters you must consult a:
lawyer
A skin infestation in which burrows are seen and which is very itchy is:
scabies
Keratinization of the epidermis starts in the:
stratum granulosum
The part of the hair which contains the pigment is the:
cortex
Maintaining the acidity of the skin is necessary to:
prevent bacteria from attacking the skin
Which one of the following results in local vasodilation?
- adrenaline
- thromboplastin
- acetylcholine
- histamine
histamine
The skin can absorb oily substances through:
hair follicles
When the skin is exposed to sunlight it produces:
vitamin D
Deep wrinkles in the skin are caused by:
changes in the structure of collagen fiber
The skin acts as a sensory organ because it contains:
nerve endings
Eyeliner is applied to the edges of the:
eyelashes
The function of mascara is to:
thicken eyelashes
The temperature at which pathogenic bacteria grows best is:
37* C
Bacteria are:
single cell microorganisms
Viruses are:
very tiny organisms that multiply in living cells
A skin disease caused by fungi is:
tine capitis
The skin disease caused by the itch mite is called:
scabies
What is the most ideal method of sterilization against hepatitis B?
steam under pressure – autoclave
Hepatitis means:
inflammation of the liver
A client should tone their skin to:
remove excess cleanser
Which one of the following is not a method of cleansing the skin?
- pore grains
- cleansing milk
- cleansing lotion
- astringent lotions
pore grains
The main advantage of waxing is to:
take hair out from the root
The hair shaft and the hair root are removed by:
depilatory wax
A contraindication to electrical epilation is:
a client with a pacemaker
The most important purpose of skin analysis is:
to find out the client’s skin type so that the correct treatment can be carried out
Information required for a skin analysis is obtained and recorded:
by the beauty therapist on a consultation card
Skin conditions and skin types are assessed by:
cleansing and loosing through a magnifying lamp and analyzing
A therapist uses a magnifier:
to analyze the skin correctly
An abnormality of the vertebral column which gives a humped back appearance is:
kyphosis
The use of a plumb line in figure correction is important to:
asses postural defects
Cellulite is caused by a disorder of the:
connective tissue
Skin is the thinnest on the:
eyelids
The color of skin in a healthy person is determined mainly by:
melanin
An ingredient of astringent is:
witch hazel
What ingredient is common in sunscreen?
octyl methoxycinnamate
Face masks are used on the skin because they:
leave the skin smooth and soft
The skin protects the body against microorganisms by:
producing an acid mantle
The skin regulates body temperature in hot weather by:
dilation of blood vessels
The main effect of sweating is to:
lower body temperature
The dark pigment found in the epidermis of the skin is known as:
melanin
The cells which make the skin’s pigment are known as:
melanocytes
What layer of the epidermis contains 25-30 rows of dead, keratinized epithelial cells?
stratum corneum
New cells of the skin are produced in the:
stratum germinativum
Keratinization of the epidermis starts in the:
stratum granulosum
Melanin is a:
pigment
The layer of the epidermis in which the cells are fully keratinized is the:
stratum corneum
The resting stage of the hair growth cycle is called:
telogen
An example of a bacterial skin disease is:
boils
The part of the growing hair follicle that is in contact with the hair is the:
inner root sheath
The germinal matrix of hair is part of which layer of the epidermis?
the basal layer
The growing stage of the hair growth cycle is called:
anagen
The stage of the hair growth cycle in which the follicle shortens is:
catagen
The stage of the hair growth cycle in which a club hair is formed is:
catagen
In skin, what glands are affected by sex hormones?
sebaceous glands
A method of forcing water soluble substances into the skin using an electric current is:
iontophoresis
A galvanic current is used during:
desincrustation
During the first part of desincrustation, the positive pole of the galvanic unit should:
be held in the client’s hand
A contraindication to the use of steam is:
rosacea
A necessary precaution that should taken in using electrical apparatus is to:
remoce jewelry from the client and the beauty therapist
The psychological effects of massage are:
sedates and uplifts client
A stroking method of massage is known as:
effleurage
The most stimulating effective massacre movement for blood circulation is:
tapotement
The massage movement in which the skin is grasped between the thumb and forefinger is called:
petrissage
Frictions, small circular movements performed with pads, thumbs, or forefingers, are most effective:
around the joint areas
Rapid muscle contractions in the therapists hands produce the massage movement known as:
vibration
The stimulating massage movement is:
tapotement
Tapotements particularly influence:
muscle tone
A treatment used on the feet to release toxins and improve circulation is:
reflexology
The impression formed for the entire beauty salon usually is set by the:
reception area
The second most costly item in opening a clinic is usually:
rent
An accurate and efficient control of supplies can be maintained only by having an organized:
stock control
To be effective, advertising must create:
desire
The best form of promoting a beauty center is:
satisfied clients
Careless appointment booking methods can often contribute to:
dissatisfied clients
Good telephone habits and techniques help to build up the clinic’s:
reputation
The responsibilities of an esthetician to their clients include:
keeping personal matters confidential
The responsibilities of an esthetician to their employer include:
taking pride in maintaining a good reputation for the business
The main lesion seen is psoriasis is the:
plaque
Keloids are formed by abnormal growth of:
collegen fibers
A wart is caused by a:
virus
A boil is caused by:
bacteria
Herpes zoster:
affects the nerves
An example of a skin disease caused by a fungus:
ringworm
A skin infection where small depigmented areas are seen, particularly on tanned skin is:
tine versicolor
An example of a congenital skin disorder is:
psoriasis
Stretch marks result from:
atrophy of epithelial tissue
A malignant tumor of epithelial tissue is called:
carcinoma
The main function of a carbohydrate in the body is to:
provide a source of energy
Which one of the following is a water soluble vitamin?
- A
- B
- D
- E
B
An example of a carbohydrate is:
glucose
What form of food doesn’t have to be broken down into smaller unit before it can be absorbed into the blood?
vitamins
Lack of vitamin C in a diet causes:
scurvy
The main function of a protein in the body is:
for growth and repair of body tissue
Protective food substances required by the body are:
fats
A deficiency of vitamin B2 causes:
pellagra
The vitamin essential for healthy teeth is:
D
Freeze drying a substance is known as:
lyophilisation
The breakdown of natural fats to produce soap is an example of saponification:
saponification
The process in which a liquid is boiled and the vapour is allowed to condense is called:
distillation
The property of becoming temporarily liquid when shaken or stirred is called:
thixotropy
An emulsion in which the parts are all the same size is called:
homogenous
An emulsion is:
a dispersion of one phase in another
The main ingredient in an oil-in-water emulsion:
water
The main ingredient in a water-in-oil emulsion:
oil
Which of the following has an emollient effect on the skin?
- witch hazel
- distilled water
- ethyl alcohol
- almond oil
almond oil
Which of the following is a humectant?
- ethyl alcohol
- methyl alcohol
- mineral oil
- propylene glycol
ethyl alcohol
A substance that repels water is called:
hydrophobic
The effect of camomile on the skin:
anti-inflammatory
The name given to the grease extracted from sheep’s wool:
lanolin
What ingredient is obtained from a succulent cactus like plant?
aloe vera
Which of the following is a white, solid, waxy substance?
- ethyl alcohol
- acetyl alcohol
- methanol
- isopropyl
acetyl alcohol
Volatile oils obtained from flowers and leaves are known as:
essential oils
A method of extracting essential oils from flowers and leaves is:
solvent extraction
Amino acids are used in cosmetics because they:
moisturize the skin
An ingredient of face masks that has strong absorbent properties is:
kaolin
Hydrogen peroxide is used as a bleaching agent because it is:
an oxidizing agent
Witch hazel is used in cosmetics as:
an astringent
An ingredient of anti acne products is:
vitamin A
Water can be softened in different ways. Not suitable is to:
add soda
Water that does not contain any other substances is:
distilled water
A mask ingredient that has a soothing effect and is used on mature or dry skin is:
almond oil
Matter is everything that:
occupies space and has weight
Melting is the change of matter from:
a solid to a liquid
An anion is:
a negatively charged atom
A characteristic of an acid is:
it can conduct an electric current
If the pH of a solution is between 5 and 7, the the solution is a:
weak acid
An organic acid contains the chemical group:
COOH
Hertz is a unit of:
frequency
Example of synthetic substances are:
plastics and silicones
The alterations of the properties of matter without the formations of any new substance is called a/an:
physical change
If a metal oxide is dissolved in water, it forms:
an alkali
A characteristic of organic acids is that:
they contain the element carbon (C)
A cathode is:
a negatively charged electrode
The unit of frequency is:
hertz
In the visible spectrum the colors in the correct order are:
red, orange, yellow and green
The effect of infrared rays on the skin is to:
warm the deeper layers of the skin
Ultraviolet radiation is absorbed:
mainly in the epidermis
Examples of insulators are:
plastics
The function of a transformer is to change:
the voltage of an alternating current to a different voltage
Characteristic of life include:
growth and metabolism
Examples of organic biological substances are:
carbohydrates and fats
Examples of mineral substances are:
paraffins and petroleum
Vaporization is the change of matter from:
a liquid to a gas
Sublimation is the change of matter from:
a solid to a gas
Condensation is:
the change of a vapor to a liquid
Science deals mainly with:
physics and chemistry
The field of physics includes:
heat and electricity
A cation is a:
positively charged sodium atom (Na+)
An electrolyte is a:
substance which, dissolved in water, splits into ions
An example of an electrolyte is:
salt solution
An acid is an electrolyte because:
it can conduct an electric current
pH can be decreased by:
increasing hydrogen ions
pH is:
the number of free H ions in a solution
The pH of distilled water is:
7
Lemon juice, with a pH reading of about 2, is considered to be:
acid
Substances having a pH value of about 9.5 are considered to be:
alkaline
The pH of the skin’s acid mantle is:
5.5
A characteristic of a weak acid is that:
it supports the natural pH of the skin
A characteristic of organic acids is that:
they contain the element carbon (C)
An anode is a:
positively charged electrode
In physics, radiation means:
the electromagnetic waves in space
In physics, frequency means:
the number of times per second an electromagnetic wave can change direction
Invisible rays which can be used in beauty therapy are:
infrared and ultraviolet rays
Infrared radiation:
is invisible and can be felt
Infrared rays can be used in beauty therapy for:
warming
The effects of infrared rays on the skin is to:
warm the deeper layers of the skin
An indication for a treatment with infrared rays is:
a poor blood circulation in the skin
The power of an electrical appliance is measured by its:
wattage
A contraindication to treatments with infrared radiation is:
a skin showing telangiectasis on the cheek
Infrared radiation is used to:
warm tissues before massage
Which type of radiation has the most antibacterial effect?
UV-C
Ultraviolet radiation is mainly absorbeed:
mainly in the epidermis
Skin cancer is mostly caused by:
UV
Examples of solid conductors are:
metals
Examples of liquid conductors are:
fluids in which ions are present
An example of an insulator is:
rubber
The strength of an electric current is measured by its:
amperage
The pressure of an electric current is measured by its:
voltage
The unit of electrical resistance is:
ohm
Chemistry is the study of:
the composition of substances and their effects on one another
Organic matter is the study of all substances containing:
carbon
An atom is electrically natural because it has:
the same number of protons and electrons
An atoms contains:
postive protons, uncharged neutrons and negative elections
The nucleus of an atoms contains:
protons and neutrons
A substance which chemically cannot be broken down into simpler substances is called:
an element
The chemical symbol for iron is:
Fe
The smallest part of a compound which still has the same properties of that compound is:
a molecule
Which of the following is not a compound?
- water
- salt
- carbon dioxide
- air
air
Which of the following is an ionic compound?
- carbon dioxide
- methane
- sodium hydroxide
- water
sodium hydroxide
Which one of the following is a covalent compound?
- carbon dioxide
- sodium chloride
- potassium hydroxide
- magnesium carbonate
carbon dioxide
Rusting of iron is caused by:
oxidation
The valency of oxygen is:
2
Which machine for treatments in beauty therapy supplies galvanic current?
a machine for iontophoresis
The meaning of iontophoresis is:
to force cosmetic ingredients deeper into the skin
The meaning of desincrustation is:
to remove substances from the skin’s surface
Desincrustation to remove substances from the surface of the skin is done with a:
galvanic machine and cathode as the active electrode
The smallest structural unit in the human body is called the:
cell
The study of the structures of the body is called:
anatomy
The study of the functions of the human body:
physiology
The outer walls a cell is called the:
call membrane
Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA:
carries genetic information
What carries the genetic material of the cell?
DNA
The main part of the cell which contains protoplasm is the:
cytoplasm
The nucleus of the cell is directly surrounded by:
the nuclear membrane
The part of the cell in contact with its environment is the:
cell membrane
The part of the cell that controls the activities of the cell is the:
nucleus
The nucleus of a cell contains:
DNA
The nucleus of a cell contains:
nucleoli
Meiosis is a process concerned with:
division of sex cells
The process of cell division where the mother cell divides into two identical daughter calls is called:
mitosis
The phase of mitosis during which centrioles reach the ends of the cell is:
metaphase
The last stage of mitosis is known as:
telophase
The phase of mitosis in which the chromatin of the nucleus forms chromosomes is:
prophase
The phase of mitosis in which two identical daughter cell are produced is:
telophase
The phase of mitosis in which chromosomes line up win the middle of a cell is:
metaphase
When a cell is dividing, the nucleus forms:
chromosomes
Which phase of mitosis is the phase between periods of cell reproduction?
interphase
A human cell with 22 autosomes and a Y sec chromosome would be a:
sperm
Male reproductive cells contain:
22 chromosomes and either an X or aY chromosome
The structural unit of all living organisms is:
a cell
History is the study of:
the microscopic structure of tissues
The name for a collection of similar cells groups together for a particular function is:
tissue
Tissues are composed of:
cells
Tissues specialized for movement is:
muscular
Tissue which provides support and protection and binds structures together is:
connective
The rapid contraction of many complicated body functions is carried out by:
nervous tissue
Impulses can be transmitted throughout the body by:
nervous tissue
Tissue found lining the surfaced of organs is:
epithelial
Flat, scale like epithelial cells are anatomically referred to as:
squamous
The characteristic tissue of skin glands is:
epithelial tissue
Simple squamous epithelium is found:
in a alveoli of the lungs
Simple cuboidal epithelium is found:
in kidney tubules
Which of the following organs is lined with stratified epithelium?
- mouth
- stomach
- pancreas
- thyroid
mouth
A gland which produces it secretion as the entire cell disintegrates is known as:
a holocrine gland
Tissues found supporting organs is called:
connective tissue
An example of connective tissue is:
cartilage
Blood is a specialized kind of:
connective tissue
Loose connective tissue specializing in fat storage is:
adipose tissue
Tendons are made of:
collagen
What type of connective tissue is found in the wall of an artery?
elastin
The connective tissue which contains many collagenous fiber embedded within a firm matrix is:
cartilage
Connective tissue serving as a shock absorber in joints is?
cartilage
Cartilage that has a bluish matrix and few fibers is:
hyaline cartilage
All the chemical processes that take place in living organisms is known as:
metabolism
The metabolic process in which energy is liberated by the destruction of complex substances is known as:
catabolism
The metabolic process in which simple substances are converted into more complex compounds is known as:
anabolism
During a period of cell growth, what happens?
more anabolism than catabolism takes place
Metabolism takes place in:
the cytoplasm
The heat producing power of foods is measured in units of energy called:
joules
A joule is:
a unit of energy
The amount of energy used in a unit of time, by fasting, resting subject to maintain vital functions, is known as:
basal metabolic rate
The mineral salt which makes up a large portion of bone tissue is:
calcium phosphate
The part of a long bone in which new erythrocytes are produced is the:
red bone marrow
The connective tissue covering the outer surface of bone is known as:
periosteum
The name of the process by which cartilage tissue is turned into bone tissue is:
ossification
The growth in length of a long bone takes place from:
the epiphyseal cartilage
The reabsorption of previously laid down bone is accomplished by:
osteoclasts
The two bones which form the growth and sides of the cranium are the:
parietal bones
The roof of the eye socket is formed by the:
sphenoid bone
The bone at the back of the skill is the:
occipital bone
The vertebrae which articulate with the ribs are called:
thoracic
The vertebrae which have large neural spines to give attachment to powerful back muscles are the:
lumbar
The joint between the atlas and the axis is:
a pivot joint
The ribs are movable connected to:
the thoracic vertebrae
The number of pairs of ribs in the body is:
12
The shoulder blade is known as the:
scapula
The names of the two bones articulating in the ball and socket joint of the upper arm are the:
humerus and scapula
The correct name for the collarbone is the:
clavicle
The hand consists of ………. carpals and ………. metacarpals:
8 carpals and 5 metacarpals
The type of joint found at the knee is:
hinge
What part of the body doesn’t have any movable joints?
cranium
In the hip joint, the synovial membrane lines the:
ligament of the head and the femur
“Front” and “back” =
anterior and posterior
“Up” and “down” =
superior and inferior
A sagital plane divides the body into:
left and right
A transverve plane divides the body into:
superior and inferior parts
The main function of muscle tissue is to provide:
movement
Muscles allow movement to take place by:
contraction and relaxation
The contractive part of a muscle is the:
belly
Flexion of the hip joint is carried out by the:
rectus femoris
The muscle which flexes the thigh and the leg is the:
sartorius
The zygomatic arch gives origin to the:
masseter
The triceps are an example of an:
extensor
The face muscle which contract during smiling is the:
zygomaticus
The deepest chest muscles are the:
intercostals
The quadriceps muscles do what?
extends the knee
The zygomaticus muscle has its insertion on the:
skin of the corner of the mouth
The muscle which totally overs the shoulder joint is the:
deltoid
The muscle that lifts the left in the hip joint is the:
rectus femoris
A muscle that pulls up the corner of the mouth is the:
zygomaticus
The normal temperature of the human body is approximately:
37* C
Which chemical is transported in the liquid part of the blood?
fibrin
The percentage of water in blood plasma is:
90%
Which component of blood transports oxygen?
erythrocytes
What is not a component of human blood?
fibroblasts
The cells responsible for the defense of the body:
white blood cells
The blood cells which do not have a nucleus:
erythrocytes
Blood cels are formed in the:
bones
The destruction of red blood cells takes place in the:
liver
After birth, red blood cells are made in the:
bone marrow
Which mineral is used to produce hemoglobin?
iron
The function of white blood cells:
destroy bacteria
The name of substances which stimulate the production of antibodies in the blood is called:
antigens
The component of blood responsible for the manufacture of antibodies:
lymphocytes
The substances produced in the body which destroy or neutralize foreign substances are called:
antibodies
Defense against antigens does NOT the place by:
erythrocytes
The component of blood which plays an important role in infection:
white blood cells
The component of blood which plays an important role in clotting is:
platelets
The primary function of thrombocytes is to:
play a role in blood clotting
Which vitamin causes an increase in clotting time of blood when it is deficient?
K
When blood clots, the soluble substance which becomes insoluble is called:
fibrinogen
Calcium in the blood is necessary for:
blood coagulation
Deoxygenated blood enters the heart by the:
right atrium
The name of the cavity in which the heart lies is called:
pericardial cavity
When he ventricle of the heart contract, the:
aortic and pulmonary valces open
Blood is presented to the ventricles after they have completed their contractions by the:
semilunar valves
Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
right ventricle
The average rate of heartbeat of a healthy adult in rest in number of beats per minute is:
70
The right ventricle and left atrium are connected by the:
pulmonary circulation
The vessel that collects blood from the digestive organs organs is the:
hepatic portal vein
The blood vessel which has thick muscular walls and carries deoxygenated blood is the:
pulmonary artery
The right ventricle of the heart is the:
beginning of the pulmonary circulation
After leaving the right ventricle, blood is pumped to the:
pulmonary artery
A characteristic that cannot be applied to veins is that they:
always carry blood way from the heart
An incorrect statement about arteries is that they:
have valves
A characteristic of all artery (except pulmonary arteries) is that they:
transport blood rich in oxygen
Arteries have:
an elastic wall
The muscle tissue located within the walls of blood vessels is:
smooth muscle tissue
The extremely thin walls of capillaries are made of:
only endothelium
Tissue fluid leaves the capillaries by:
diffusion
The function of capillaries is not for the purpose of the:
destruction of antigens
The lymphatic sessile that gathers most of the lymph is the:
thoracic duct