What medication is associated in the treatment for Bipolar Psychosis?
Olanzapine
What is the 4 phases of crisis?
Phase 1 – event occurs and is perceived as crisis, symptoms of anxiety increase, and
regular problem-solving strategies are started
Phase 2 – problem-solving strategies fail, coping skills are attempt and fail,
symptoms include increase anxiety, helplessness, confusion, and/or disorganization,
function is compromised
Phase 3 – resources are requested to solve the problem and reduce the symptoms of
anxiety and helplessness, new problem solving/coping skills are used that both offer
a solution and reduce the symptoms
Phase 4 – if the crisis remains unresolved, anxiety becomes panic, disorientation,
and decreased function get worse, and psychosis can occur, emotions, behaviors, and
function fail, and external help is needed
What are the 3 primary neurotransmitters used by psychotropic medication to
relieve physical or behavioral symptoms?
Serotonin
Norepinephrine
Dopamine
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What are Baldwin’s 6 different sources of crisis?
- Disposition crisis – triggered by an external situational stressor (illness/death of
relative) - Life transition crisis – planned transition in life which the client may feel a sense
of loss of control (starting college, getting married, moving to new home) - Traumatic stress – caused by unexpected external stress for which the client has
no control over (violent crime, accidents, sexual assault, abuse) - Maturational/developmental crisis – client is unable to move towards a different
level of development (mid-life experience, sudden awareness of mortality) - Crisis reflecting psychopathology – triggered by an underlying mental health
pathology and may require further workup (severe depression, generalized anxiety) - Psychiatric emergency – general function is severely impaired, unable to assume
personal responsibility for behavior, injury to others and self (suicide risk, overdose,
acute psychosis, uncontrolled anger, acute suicide interpretation)
Aggressive Behavior
Impulsive or reactionary behavior which can show disrespect to the rights or desires
of others, this can potentially lead to physical or emotional harm, may start with
anger and lead to violence
- Continuous and intent eye contact
- Closed posture
- Close in distance
- Loud and forced voice
- Talks over others, does not wait for responses
- Does not typically listen – commands and demands
- “You” statements
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Assertive Behavior
Communication techniques that offer open and honest dialogue with others while
maintaining respect for differing opinions and beliefs - Direct eye contact but looks away
- Straight with open posture
- Outside personal space but close
- Strong and clear, not loud voice
- “I” statements
Passive-Aggressive Behavior
Actions that communicate indirect aggression towards others as a way of resisting
requests or demands, does not show direct aggression, sabotage others - Direct eye contact but looks away
- Open posture
- Strong and clear, not loud voice
- “I” statements
Passive Behavior
Communicating with the focus of avoiding conflict and maintaining closed and
defensive stance due to fear of emotional or physical injury - Avoids eye contact
- Slumped posture
- Greatest distance away
- Soft and quiet voice
- Diminished responses
- Listens most of the time
- Avoids making statements
- Lacks confidence and commits to other’s needs/feelings
Anger
Emotional state that varies in intensity from mild irritation to intense fury and
rage - Increased HR, BP, and levels of energy hormones (adrenaline and noradrenaline)
- Not always negative
- Becomes problem when not expressed or when expressed aggressively