HESI RN FUNDAMENTAL 2023/FUNDAMENTALS HESI
EXIT 2023 ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK COMPLETE
450 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES| ALREADY
GRADED A+||BRAND NEW
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about the concepts that make up a
theory. Which point noted by the nursing student needs correction?
concepts consist of interrelated theories.
Rationale: A theory consists of interrelated concepts. Concepts help describe or
label phenomena. Concepts that affect the client system are physiological,
psychological, sociocultural, developmental or spiritual. Concepts can be simple or
complex and relate to an object or event that comes from individual perceptual
experiences
Which nursing intervention can be classified under complex physiologic domain
according to the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) taxonomy? Select all
that apply.
1 Interventions to restore tissue integrity
2 Interventions to optimize neurologic functions
- Interventions to provide care before, during, and immediately after surgery
Rationale: Interventions such as restoring tissue integrity, optimizing neurologic
functions, and providing care before, during, and immediately after surgery are
classified under physiologic domain according to the Nursing Interventions
Classification (NIC) taxonomy [1] [2]. Interventions to manage restricted body
movements are classified under the simple physiologic domain. Interventions to
promote comfort using psychosocial techniques are classified under the behavioral
domain.
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about systems theories with a
specific reference to Neuman’s systems theory. Which statements made by the
nursing student post teaching are accurate? Select all that apply.
- Factors that change the environment also affect an open system.
2.The components are interrelated and share a common purpose to form a whole.
3.An open system interacts with the environment, with an exchange of information
between the system and the environment.
Rationale: Factors that change the environment also affect an open system. The
components are interrelated and share a common purpose to form a whole. An
open system such as a human organism or a process such as the nursing process
interacts with the environment, exchanging information between the system and
the environment. A system is composed of separate components, and there are two
types of system, open or closed. Neuman’s systems theory defines a total-person
model of holism and an open-systems approach
Which intellectual factor would the nurse find appropriate as a dimension for
gathering data for a client’s health history?
Attention Span
Rationale: Attention span is an intellectual dimension used to gather data for a
health history. A social dimension for gathering health history includes primary
language. A coping mechanism is considered to be a social subdimension used to
gather a client’s health history data. Physical and developmental subdimensions
would include activities and coordination
What is a stressor?
A stressor is any stimuli that can produce tension and cause instability within the
system
Rationale: A stressor is any stimuli that can produce tension and cause instability
within the system. Internal factors exist within the client system, like the
physiological and behavioral responses to illnesses. External factors exist outside
the client system; these stressors include changes in healthcare policies or
increased crime rates. A phenomenon is a term, description, or label given to
describe an idea or responses about an event, a situation, a process, a group of
events, or a group of situations.
Which physical assessment technique involves listening to the sounds of the body?
Auscultation
Rationale: Auscultation involves listening to the sounds of the body. Palpation
involves using the sense of touch to assess and collect data. An inspection involves
the nurse carefully looking to collect data. Percussion involves tapping the skin
with the fingertips to vibrate underlying tissues and organs
A nurse is teaching continuing care assistants about ways to prevent the spread of
infection. It would be appropriate for the nurse to emphasize that the cycle of the
infectious process must be broken, which is accomplished primarily through what?
Hand-washing
Rationale: Hand washing before and after providing care is the single most
effective means of preventing the spread of infection by breaking the cycle of
infection. Although all these interventions are acceptable procedures and may
assist in preventing the spread of infection, none are as effective as hand washing.
How does the World Health Organization (WHO) define “health”?
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
Rationale: The WHO defines health as a “state of complete physical, mental, and
social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” Pender explains
that all people free of disease are not healthy. Pender, Murdaugh, and Parsons
suggest that for many people, health is a condition of life rather than pathological
state. Life conditions such as environment, diet, or lifestyle choices can have
positive or negative effects on health long before an illness is evident. Pender,
Murdaugh, and Parsons (2011) define health as the actualization of inherent and
acquired human potential through goal-directed behavior, competent self-care, and
satisfying relationships with others.
Which basic human needs belongs to the fourth level as per Maslow’s hierarchy of
needs? Select all that apply.
Worth and Achievement
Rationale: Fourth level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs encompasses self-esteem
needs, which involve self-confidence, usefulness, self-worth, and achievement.
Security needs are included in the second level. Belonging needs such as
friendship, social relationships, and sexual love come under the third level. Selfactualization is the basic human need, which belongs to the final level.
Which assessment is expected when a client is placed in the lithotomy position
during physical examination?
Assessment of female genitalia
Rationale: Lithotomy position in female clients is used to assess and examine
female genitalia and genital tracts. The lateral recumbent position is indicated in
clients to assess the heart. The knee-chest position and Sims position are
recommended for clients undergoing rectal examinations. The prone position is
indicated in clients to assess the musculoskeletal system.
Which of these programs is least likely to focus on medication delivery process
modification?
Experimentation Research
Rationale: Experimental research is least likely to focus on medication delivery
process modification. Quality improvement, evaluation research, and performance
improvement are all likely to focus on medication delivery process modification in
order to make the process better for the client.
A primary healthcare provider prescribes a urinalysis for a client with an
indwelling catheter. To ensure that an appropriate specimen is obtained, the nurse
would obtain the specimen from which site?
Tubing injection port
Rationale: The appropriate site to obtain a urine specimen for a client with an
indwelling catheter is the injection port. The nurse should clean the injection port
cap of the catheter drainage tubing with appropriate antiseptic, attach a sterile 5-
mL syringe into the port, and aspirate the quantity desired. The nurse should apply
a clamp to the drainage tubing, distal to the injection port, not obtain the specimen
from this site. Urine in the bedside drainage bag is not an appropriate sample,
because the urine in the bag may have been there too long; thus a clean sample
cannot be obtained from the bag. The client’s urine will be contained in the
indwelling catheter; there will be no urine at the insertion site.