Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor of strokes?
A.
Ethnicity
B.
Gender
C.
Age
D.
Obesity
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is D. Obesity.
Explanation:
Strokes, or cerebrovascular accidents, occur when the blood supply to a part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. The risk factors for strokes are categorized into non-modifiable and modifiable factors. Non-modifiable risk factors are those that cannot be changed, while modifiable risk factors are those that individuals can influence through lifestyle changes or medical interventions.
Non-Modifiable Risk Factors:
- Ethnicity: Certain ethnic groups have a higher risk of stroke due to genetic predispositions and varying prevalence of associated conditions. For instance, African Americans are at a higher risk for stroke compared to other ethnic groups.
- Gender: Stroke risk can differ between genders. Historically, women have been found to have a higher lifetime risk of stroke compared to men, partly due to hormonal differences and longer life expectancy. However, the gender difference in stroke risk is not as easily modifiable.
- Age: Age is a significant non-modifiable risk factor for stroke. The risk of stroke increases with age due to the cumulative effect of aging on the cardiovascular system and the likelihood of developing other risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes.
Modifiable Risk Factors:
- Obesity: Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for stroke. Excess body weight contributes to other conditions such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and high cholesterol, all of which increase stroke risk. Weight management through a balanced diet and regular physical activity can significantly reduce the risk of stroke.
By addressing modifiable risk factors like obesity, individuals can lower their risk of stroke and improve overall health. This approach often involves lifestyle changes, including dietary modifications, increased physical activity, and sometimes medication to manage associated conditions. In contrast, non-modifiable factors, while they are important in understanding stroke risk, cannot be changed and require a focus on managing other modifiable factors to reduce overall risk.