A nurse is caring for a client who has a central venous access device. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A.
Use a 5-mL syringe to flush the catheter.
B.
Change the site dressing and stabilization device every 24 hr.
C.
Expect blood to appear in the catheter lumen after flushing.
D.
Use chlorhexidine solution to clean the catheter.
The correct answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is D. Use chlorhexidine solution to clean the catheter.
Explanation:
Central venous access devices (CVADs) are used to administer medications, fluids, and nutrients directly into the central circulation. Proper care and maintenance of these devices are crucial to prevent infections and complications.
1. Use a 5-mL syringe to flush the catheter: This is incorrect. The use of a 10-mL syringe is recommended for flushing CVADs. A smaller syringe, such as a 5-mL syringe, can generate excessive pressure, potentially causing damage to the catheter or the blood vessel.
2. Change the site dressing and stabilization device every 24 hr: This is incorrect. Dressings for central lines should typically be changed every 7 days or sooner if they become soiled or wet, according to most protocols. The stabilization device (like a securement device) should be checked regularly, but it’s not changed every 24 hours.
3. Expect blood to appear in the catheter lumen after flushing: This is incorrect. It is not typical or expected to see blood return after flushing the catheter. The presence of blood may indicate a clot or blockage. Flushing the catheter should ideally clear any residual blood and ensure patency.
4. Use chlorhexidine solution to clean the catheter: This is correct. Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic used to reduce microbial load and decrease the risk of infection. It is commonly used for skin antisepsis and cleaning of the catheter insertion site. Proper antiseptic technique, including the use of chlorhexidine, is essential in maintaining the sterility of the central line and preventing infection.
Overall, maintaining a sterile technique and using appropriate cleaning agents like chlorhexidine are key components of managing central venous access devices to ensure patient safety and prevent complications.