A nurse is teaching the family of a client who has Alzheimer’s disease about donepezil. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A.
“Syncope episodes may occur when taking this medication.”
B.
“You will need to monitor for constipation.”
C.
“This medication may cause tachycardia.”
D.
“You should administer the medication each morning.”
The Correct answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is D. “You should administer the medication each morning.”
Donepezil is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor commonly prescribed for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease. It works by increasing levels of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that is typically deficient in patients with Alzheimer’s. Proper administration of this medication is crucial for its effectiveness and the management of symptoms associated with the disease.
When teaching the family about donepezil, it is important to highlight that it should be taken at the same time each day, preferably in the morning. This consistency helps maintain steady levels of the drug in the bloodstream, optimizing its therapeutic effects. Administering it in the morning can also help reduce the risk of nighttime side effects, such as gastrointestinal upset or sleep disturbances, which can be more pronounced if taken later in the day.
Now, let’s briefly address the incorrect options:
A. “Syncope episodes may occur when taking this medication.”
While syncope (fainting) is not a common side effect of donepezil, it can occur in some patients due to other underlying conditions or interactions with other medications. This statement may cause undue concern without proper context.
B. “You will need to monitor for constipation.”
Constipation is not a primary side effect of donepezil. In fact, it can lead to gastrointestinal issues such as nausea and diarrhea more frequently than constipation.
C. “This medication may cause tachycardia.”
Donepezil generally does not cause tachycardia; rather, it can sometimes cause bradycardia (slowed heart rate). Monitoring heart rate can be important, especially in patients with pre-existing cardiac conditions.
In summary, teaching the family to administer donepezil each morning emphasizes adherence to the medication regimen and helps ensure the best possible outcomes for the patient with Alzheimer’s disease.