Earthquakes 1 – Recording Station GIZMO < ALL> Best Exam Solution  Guaranteed success

Student Exploration: Earthquakes 1 – Recording Station

Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and

prompts in the orange boxes.

Vocabulary: body wave, earthquake, epicenter, fault, focus, P-wave, S-wave, seismic wave, seismogram,

seismograph

Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)

Gizmo Warm-up

The Earthquakes 1 – Recording Station Gizmo simulates the seismic waves

released by an earthquake. To begin, look at the key on the bottom left side

of the Gizmo.

1. The epicenter of the earthquake is the point on Earth’s surface closest

to the focus, or origin, of the earthquake.

2. Click Play ( ) and observe the seismic waves leaving the epicenter of

the earthquake.

Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved

Name: Stephanie Maurad Date: 2/22/21

1. Have you ever experienced an earthquake? If

so, what did it feel like?

I’ve never

experienced an

earthquake.

2. Earthquakes are usually caused by the sudden movement of rocks

along a fault, or fracture, in Earth’s crust. The most famous fault in the

U.S. is the San Andreas Fault in California.

What major cities are located near the San Andreas Fault?

San Francisco and Los Angeles are located near the San Andreas

fault.

A. What symbol represents the epicenter? The circle.

B. What symbol represents the recording

station?

The triangle.

A. What types of seismic waves are released? P and S seismic waves are released.

B. Look at the Recording station detector on

the upper left side of the Gizmo. What

happens when the seismic waves hit the

recording station?

When the seismic waves hit the recording

station, they’re recorded on the station detector.

The P waves aren’t very effective, but the S

waves are.

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Introduction: An earthquake releases an enormous amount of energy, which passes through Earth’s interior in

the form of body waves. There are two types of body waves: P-waves (primary waves) and S-waves

(secondary waves).

Scientists study earthquakes with the aid of an instrument called a seismograph. When seismic waves reach

the seismograph, a graphical record, or seismogram, is produced.

Question: How are P- and S-waves shown on a seismogram?

1. Observe: Click Play, and then click Pause ( ) after the purple P-wave hits the station.

2. Observe: Click Play, and then click Pause after the green S-wave hits the station.

3. Describe: Click Play and wait for the vibrations to stop. Suppose you were at the recording station when

the earthquake hit. Based on the pattern of waves on the seismogram, what did you experience during the

earthquake?

4. Explore: Click Reset, and drag the recording station closer to the epicenter. Click Play.

Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved

Activity A:

Reading a

seismogram

Get the Gizmo ready:

● Click Reset ( ).

● Check that the Distance from the station to the

center of earthquake is 860 km.

A. Look at the upper right corner of the

seismogram. At what time did the P-wave hit?

The P-wave hit at around 155 seconds.

B. What is shown on the seismogram at this time? At this time, small squiggly lines are shown

on the seismograph.

A. At what time did the S-wave hit? The S-wave hit at around 250 seconds.

B. What is shown on the seismogram at this time? At this time, long and more intense lines

are shown on the seismograph.

During the earthquake, I would experience a faint shaking and then a more intense shaking for 180

seconds, or 3 minutes.

A. How does this seismogram differ from the

one you first investigated?

This time, the P waves lasted longer and the S

waves were more intense.

B. What would this earthquake feel like? This earthquake would feel very obvious and

worrying.